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Chapter 7 Summary

Chapter 7 Summary. Here’s what you need to know Trends for and explanations of: Electron Shells and Sizes of Atoms Electronegativity Ionization energy Electron Affinity Physical and Chemical properties of Metals, Nonmetals and Metalloids. AP Exam Essay Question.

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Chapter 7 Summary

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  1. Chapter 7 Summary • Here’s what you need to know • Trends for and explanations of: • Electron Shells and Sizes of Atoms • Electronegativity • Ionization energy • Electron Affinity • Physical and Chemical properties of Metals, Nonmetals and Metalloids

  2. AP Exam Essay Question • Use your knowledge of the Periodic Table of the elements to answer the following questions: • A) Explain the trend in electronegativity from P to S to Cl • B) Explain the trend in electronegativity from Cl to Br to I • C) Explain the trend in atomic radius from Li to Na to K • D) Explain the trend in atomic radius from Al to Mg to Na

  3. AP Exam Essay Question • Explain each of the following in terms of atomic and molecular structures and/or forces. • A) The first ionization energy for magnesium is greater than the first ionization energy for calcium. • B) The first and second ionization energies for calcium are comparable, but the third ionization energy is much greater. • C) Solid sodium conducts electricity, but solid sodium chloride does not. • D) The second ionization energy for sodium is much greater that the first ionization energy, but the second ionization energy for magnesium is comparable to it’s first ionization energy.

  4. AP Exam Question • Which of the following statements is true regarding sodium and chlorine? • A) Sodium has a greater electronegativity and a larger first ionization energy. • B) Sodium has a larger first ionization energy and a larger atomic radius. • C) Chlorine has a larger atomic radius and a greater electronegativity • D) Chlorine has greater electronegativity and a larger first ionization energy. • E) Chlorine has a larger atomic radius and a larger first ionization energy

  5. AP Question • Which of the following is true of the alkali metal elements? • A) They usually take the +2 oxidation state • B) They are generally found in nature in compounds • C) They form covalent bonds with oxygen • D) They have relatively large first ionization energies

  6. AP Questions • Which of the following ions has the smallest ionic radius? • A) O2- • B) F- • C) Na+ • D) Mg2+ • E) Al3+

  7. AP Question • A researcher listed the first five ionization energies for a silicon atom in order from first to fifth. Which of the following lists corresponds to the ionization energies for silicon? • A) 780 kJ, 13,675 kJ, 14,110 kJ, 15,650 kJ, 16,100 kJ • B) 780kJ, 1575 kJ, 14,110 kJ, 15,650 kJ, 16,100 kJ • C) 780 kJ, 1575kJ, 3220kJ, 15,650 kJ, 16,100 kJ • D) 780 kJ, 1575 kJ, 3220 kJ, 4,350 kJ, 16,100 kJ • E) 780 kJ, 1575 kJ, 3,220kJ, 4,350 kJ, 5,340 kJ

  8. AP Exam Question • The ionization energies for an element are listed in the table below: • Based on the ionization energy table, the element is most likely to be • A) sodium • B) magnesium • C) aluminum • D) silicon • E) phosphorous

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