1 / 11

Understanding Cellular Respiration: Key Processes and Pathways

This educational overview delves into the intricate processes of cellular respiration, focusing on glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. It highlights the roles of key molecules such as NADH and FADH2 in electron transport, as well as ATP generation through substrate-level and oxidative phosphorylation. The video presents detailed figures illustrating these biochemical pathways, emphasizing their importance in energy production from glucose, pyruvate, and other substrates. Discover how cellular respiration fuels life at the molecular level.

dillian
Télécharger la présentation

Understanding Cellular Respiration: Key Processes and Pathways

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Cellular Respiration Video

  2. Fig. 9-6-3 Electrons carried via NADH and FADH2 Electrons carried via NADH Oxidative phosphorylation: electron transport and chemiosmosis Citric acid cycle Glycolysis Pyruvate Glucose Mitochondrion Cytosol ATP ATP ATP Substrate-level phosphorylation Substrate-level phosphorylation Oxidative phosphorylation

  3. Fig. 9-8 Energy investment phase Glucose 2 ADP + 2 2 ATP used P Energy payoff phase formed 4 ADP + 4 P 4 ATP 2 NAD+ + 4 e– + 4 H+ 2 NADH + 2 H+ 2 Pyruvate + 2 H2O Net 2 Pyruvate + 2 H2O Glucose 4 ATP formed – 2 ATP used 2 ATP 2 NAD+ + 4 e– + 4 H+ 2 NADH + 2 H+

  4. Fig. 9-9-4 Glucose ATP 1 Hexokinase ADP Glucose-6-phosphate 2 Phosphoglucoisomerase Fructose- 1, 6-bisphosphate 4 Fructose-6-phosphate Aldolase ATP 3 Phosphofructokinase ADP 5 Isomerase Fructose- 1, 6-bisphosphate 4 Aldolase 5 Isomerase Glyceraldehyde- 3-phosphate Dihydroxyacetone phosphate Glyceraldehyde- 3-phosphate Dihydroxyacetone phosphate

  5. Fig. 9-9-9 2 NAD+ 6 Triose phosphate dehydrogenase P 2 2 NADH i + 2 H+ 2 1, 3-Bisphosphoglycerate 2 ADP 7 Phosphoglycerokinase 2 ATP Phosphoenolpyruvate 2 2 ADP 2 3-Phosphoglycerate 8 10 Phosphoglyceromutase Pyruvate kinase 2 ATP 2 2-Phosphoglycerate 9 Enolase 2 H2O 2 Phosphoenolpyruvate 2 ADP 10 Pyruvate kinase 2 ATP Pyruvate 2 2 Pyruvate

  6. Fig. 9-11 Pyruvate CO2 NAD+ CoA NADH + H+ Acetyl CoA CoA CoA Citric acid cycle 2 CO2 FADH2 3 NAD+ NADH 3 FAD + 3 H+ ADP + P i ATP

  7. Fig. 9-12-8 Acetyl CoA CoA—SH NADH H2O 1 +H+ NAD+ Oxaloacetate 8 2 Malate Citrate Isocitrate NAD+ Citric acid cycle NADH 3 + H+ 7 H2O CO2 Fumarate CoA—SH -Keto- glutarate 4 6 CoA—SH 5 FADH2 CO2 NAD+ FAD Succinate NADH P i + H+ Succinyl CoA GDP GTP ADP ATP

  8. Fig. 9-13 NADH 50 e– 2 NAD+ FADH2 e– 2 FAD Multiprotein complexes  FAD 40 FMN  Fe•S Fe•S Q  Cyt b Fe•S 30 Cyt c1 IV Free energy (G) relative to O2 (kcal/mol) Cyt c Cyt a Cyt a3 20 e– 2 10 (from NADH or FADH2) O2 2 H+ + 1/2 0 H2O

  9. Fig. 9-16 H+ H+ H+ H+ Protein complex of electron carriers Cyt c V Q   ATP synthase  H2O 2 H+ + 1/2O2 FADH2 FAD NAD+ NADH ADP + ATP P i (carrying electrons from food) H+ Chemiosmosis Electron transport chain 1 2 Oxidative phosphorylation

  10. Fig. 9-20 Proteins Fats Carbohydrates Amino acids Sugars Glycerol Fatty acids Glycolysis Glucose Glyceraldehyde-3- P NH3 Pyruvate Acetyl CoA Citric acid cycle Oxidative phosphorylation

  11. Fig. 9-21 Glucose AMP Glycolysis Fructose-6-phosphate Stimulates + Phosphofructokinase – – Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate Inhibits Inhibits Pyruvate ATP Citrate Acetyl CoA Citric acid cycle Oxidative phosphorylation

More Related