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The Impact of Spanish Explorers on the Atlantic World

This lesson focuses on the significant role of Spanish explorers, including Christopher Columbus, Ferdinand Magellan, Hernando Cortez, and Francisco Pizarro, in shaping the Atlantic World. Their expeditions led to the establishment of overseas empires, the decimation of indigenous populations, and the spread of Christianity. The Columbian Exchange transformed economies and lifestyles on both sides of the Atlantic, while the Triangle Trade facilitated the exchange of goods and labor. Key concepts include mercantilism, the rise of colonial economies, and the lasting legacies of European exploration.

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The Impact of Spanish Explorers on the Atlantic World

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  1. Unit 5 EK Notes The Atlantic World

  2. Spanish Explorers • Establishment of overseas empires and decimation (destruction) of indigenous (native) populations • Christopher Columbus- tried to find Asia by sailing west, landed in the islands of the Caribbean; his voyage initiated contact between the Eastern and Western hemispheres

  3. Spanish Explorers • Ferdinand Magellan- led the voyage which was the first to successfully circumnavigate the globe; he died in the Philippines after becoming involved in a tribal conflict. His crew finished the journey back to Spain.

  4. Spanish Explorers • Hernando Cortez- conquistador who conquered the Aztecs

  5. Spanish Explorers • Francisco Pizarro-conquistador who conquered the Incas

  6. Sir Francis Drake-circumnavigated the globe destroying Spanish ships and holdings English Explorer

  7. Jacques Cartier- explored and claimed the area around Montreal for the French French Explorer

  8. Spread of Christianity • Means of diffusion of Christianity • Migration of colonists to new lands • Influence of Catholics and Protestants, who carried their faith, language, and cultures to new lands • Conversion of indigenous peoples to Christianity

  9. Expansion of overseas territorial claims and European emigration to North and South America • Demise of Aztec, Maya, and Inca Empires • Legacy of a rigid class system based on race and dictatorial rule in Latin America • Forced migration of someAfricans into slavery • Colonies’ imitation of the culture and social patterns of their parent country Legacy of Europeans in the Americas

  10. Columbian Exchange-the exchange of goods, crops, diseases and ideas between the Western and Eastern Hemispheres • Western Hemisphere agricultural products such as corn, potatoes, and tobacco changed European lifestyles. • European horses and cattle changed the lifestyles of American Indians • European diseases like smallpox killed many American Indians Columbian Exchange

  11. Triangle Trade The triangular trade linked Europe,Africa, and the Americas. Slaves, sugar, and rum were traded.

  12. African imports • Manufactured goods from Europe, Asia, and the Americas • New food products (corn, peanuts) • African exports • Slaves (triangular trade) • Raw materials (ivory, gold) Triangle Trade

  13. Africa • European trading posts along the coast • Trade in slaves, gold, and other products Triangle Trade

  14. Commercial Revolution • Commercial Revolution • European maritime nations competed for overseas • markets, colonies, and resources. • A new economic system emerged. • New money and banking systems were created. • Economic practices such as mercantilism evolved. • Colonial economies were limited by the economic needs • of the mother country. • Mercantilism: An economic practice adopted by • European colonial powers in an effort to • become self-sufficient; based on the theory • that colonies existed for the benefit of the • mother country

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