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G enetic E ngineering

Learn about the exciting field of genetic engineering, also known as genetic modification. Explore topics such as recombinant DNA, gel electrophoresis, transgenic organisms, cloning, DNA fingerprinting, and gene therapy. Discover how these techniques are used to improve nutritional quality, enhance disease and insect resistance, and develop new treatments for genetic disorders.

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G enetic E ngineering

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  1. Genetic Engineering

  2. Genetic Engineering • aka .. Genetic Modification • Make changes in DNA code by Insert or deletespecific genes • Use modern molecular biology techniques.

  3. 1) Recombinant DNA • Aka .. Gene Splicing • made by combining DNA from > 1 source (often from very different species)

  4. 2) Gel electrophoresis • Anelectric current • smaller fragments - faster larger ones – slower • DNA fragments move to positive end + - DNA on murder weapon A B

  5. 3)Transgenic organisms • carries a foreign gene, deliberately inserted into its genome. • transgenicanimal • Mice--- so immune sys more like humans- can study ‘em • Livestock --- leaner meat • transgenicplant • Soybeans/corn/crops --- to produce natinsecticiside so don’t have to be sprayed • Also: • Improved Nutritional Quality • Insect Resistance • Disease Resistance • Drought Tolerance

  6. B SMART

  7. 4) Cloning • Clone --- genetically identical copy replacing the nucleus of an unfertilized ovum with the nucleus of a body cell from the organism. first adult mammal cloned was Dolly in 1997

  8. Come back!!!! B SMART

  9. 5) DNA Fingerprinting • Compare genetic similarities/differences b/w individuals. • often used to ID source of blood / tissue found at crime scenes. • Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

  10. 6) Gene Therapy • the insertion of normal or genetically altered genes into cells • usually to replace defective genes (cancer & genetic disorders) Eye cancer

  11. B SMART

  12. My lab experience…….

  13. Come back!!!! B SMART

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