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Understanding Universal Religions: Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, Judaism

Explore the beliefs, practices, and history of the world's major religions: Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, and Judaism. Gain knowledge about syncretism and the global distribution of religions. Learn why understanding universal religions is essential in today's interconnected world.

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Understanding Universal Religions: Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, Judaism

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  1. 普世宗教(Universal religion) Christianity、Islam、Buddhism, Hinduism, Judaism

  2. VOCABULARY • Christian (adj.) A Christian nation. Christian beliefs say . . . • Muslim/Islamic (adj) A Muslim nation/An Islamic nation. Muslim beliefs say . . . • Buddhist (adj.) • Hindu (adj.) • Jewish (adj.)

  3. Christian (n.) Christians usually go to church on Sunday. • Muslim (n.) Muslims pray five times a day. • Buddhist (n.) Buddhists visit temples to burn incense. • Hindu (n.) Hindus are vegetarians. • Jew (n.) Jews do not eat pork.

  4. So, we can say I am a ___(preferred) or I am _____ • I am a Christian/I am Christian • I am a Muslim/I am Muslim • I am a Buddhist/I am Buddhist • I am a Hindu/I am Hindu • I am a Jew/I am Jewish

  5. Syncretism [sn.krə.t.zm] = the blending of two or more religious/cultural customs to form a new religion/custom, or a very different version of the original religion/custom. • There was a lot of syncretism as Buddhism spread through China.

  6. The proportion of religion in the world’s population • Christian33% • Islam21%、 • Hindu佔14% • Buddhist佔6%

  7. Why we need to know about universal religion? • 杭亭頓Samuel P. Huntington ”The clash of civilizations and the remaking of world order”文明的衝突與世界秩序的重建(1997)

  8. Religion in East Asia • Buddhism(originated in India ) • Hinduism (originated from India’s Brahmanism )

  9. Indian National Emblem&flag Asoka

  10. 佛教傳播 Buddhism Buddhism wasdivided into three factions First is Hīnayāna(1、4) Second is Mahāyāna(3) Third is Tibetan Buddhism(5) 2 3 5 1 4

  11. North spread • 1. Maurya dynasty • 2. Kushan dynasty，「犍陀羅(Afghanistan )藝術」(Gandhara Art)

  12. 犍陀羅藝術

  13. 樓蘭古城 kroraina

  14. China • Into China:during the Han dynasty • Became popular:Tang Dynasty

  15. 洛陽白馬寺

  16. 朝鮮(Korea)、日本(Japan) • Accepted Buddhism from China

  17. 唐朝鑑真和尚 • 東渡日本

  18. 西藏的佛教 • Before Buddhism spread into Tibet, the original religious belief of Tibet was traditional magic (Bon). • When Princess Wen Cheng married the Tibetan King, Chinese Buddhism was introduced into Tibet. Scripture

  19. 南傳(South spread) • 1.ceylon 10C., Buddhism and Hinduism coexist in Java,Burma,Thailand and Cambodia.

  20. 阿努拉德普勒城內的查特比納羅摩佛塔(4C)

  21. 緬甸

  22. 爪哇島

  23. 吳哥窟

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