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The Empires of the Early Middle Ages (800-1000): Creation and Erosion

The Empires of the Early Middle Ages (800-1000): Creation and Erosion. Chapter 7. I. Islam. A. The Arabs B. Muhammad 1. Preaching Mecca Gabriel Medina 2. Hijra Convert or conquer. I. Islam. C. The Religion of Islam Koran Allah 1. Law and Government

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The Empires of the Early Middle Ages (800-1000): Creation and Erosion

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  1. The Empires of the Early Middle Ages (800-1000): Creation and Erosion Chapter 7

  2. I. Islam • A. The Arabs • B. Muhammad • 1. Preaching • Mecca • Gabriel • Medina • 2. Hijra • Convert or conquer

  3. I. Islam • C. The Religion of Islam • Koran • Allah • 1. Law and Government • 2. Relationship to Other Religions • Abraham • Ishmael

  4. I. Islam • D. Expansion of Islam • 1. Conquests • 2. Umayyads • 3. Sunni-Shiite Schism • Sunnas, Sunnites and Shiites • Abbas and Abbasid Dynasty • Abdurrahman

  5. Map7.1 Expansion of Islam

  6. I. Islam • E. Islamic Economy and Society • 1. Diverse Economic Systems • Pastoral economy • Settled agriculture • Commerce • Damask • 2. Cosmopolitan Cities • 3. Mixed Role for Women • Marriage and divorce • Harem

  7. I. Islam • F. Arabic Contributions to Global Culture • 1. Medical Education • Al-Razi (Rhazes) • 2. Mathematics and Astronomy • Zero • Algebra • Astrolabe

  8. I. Islam • F. Arabic Contributions to Global Culture • 3. Philosophy and Theology • Ibn-Rushd (Averroës) • 4. Centers of Culture • Baghdad • Harun al-Rashid • Arabian Nights • Al-Mamun • Spain • Alhambra Palace in Granada

  9. I. Islam • G. Decline of Medieval Islamic Civilization • First Crusade • Seljuk Turks

  10. II. The Byzantine Empire (632-1071) • A. Strains on the Empire • 1. Heraclius and the Persian Wars • Avars • Church of the Holy Sepulcher • 2. Territorial Losses to Muslims • 3. Military Revival • Leo III • Bulgars

  11. II. The Byzantine Empire (632-1071) • A. Strains on the Empire • 4. Leo III and Iconoclasm • Icons • B. Byzantine Government • 1. Position of the Emperor • Sacred • 2. Elaborate Bureaucracy

  12. II. The Byzantine Empire (632-1071) • C. The Two Churches • 1. Theological Differences • Filioque dispute • 2. Languages in Liturgy • Vernacular languages • Loose confederation of independent national churches

  13. II. The Byzantine Empire (632-1071) • C. The Two Churches • 3. Missionary Activities • Cyril • Cyrillic Alphabet • Methodius • Conversion of the Slavic peoples

  14. II. The Byzantine Empire (632-1071) • D. Byzantine Economy and Society • 1. Urban and Rural Population • Theme system • Generals • 2. Trade and Manufacture • Bezant • Luxury items • Silk • Purple • Guilds

  15. II. The Byzantine Empire (632-1071) • D. Byzantine Economy and Society • 3. Limited Role of Women • Irene • Theodora • Under protection of male relatives

  16. II. The Byzantine Empire (632-1071) • E. Byzantine Culture • 1. Education • Palace schools • Patriarchal schools • Monastic schools • 2. Scholarship • 3. Art and Architecture • Mosaics

  17. II. The Byzantine Empire (632-1071) • E. Byzantine Culture • 4. Popular Culture • Hippodrome • F. Decline of the Byzantine Empire • 1. Social Transformations • Theme system collapses • Serfs

  18. II. The Byzantine Empire (632-1071) • F. Decline of the Byzantine Empire • 2. Defense of the Empire • Mercenaries • Varangians • Greek fire • 3. The Seljuk Turks • Manzikert • Suleiman

  19. II. The Byzantine Empire (632-1071) • F. Decline of the Byzantine Empire • 4. East-West Schism • Pope versus Patriarch

  20. III. The Carolingian, or Frankish, Empire • Charles the Great (Charlemagne) • Pepin the Short • A. Charlemagne • 1. Victorious Wars • Lombards • Bavarians • Saxons

  21. Map7.2 Carolingian Empire under Charlemagne

  22. III. The Carolingian, or Frankish, Empire • A. Charlemagne • 2. Imperial Title • Emperor of the Romans • B. Carolingian Government • 1. Imperial Ideology • 2. Administering the Empire • Chaplain Count Chamberlain • Chancery Seneschal • Count of the palace Constable

  23. III. The Carolingian, or Frankish, Empire • B. Carolingian Government • 2. Administering the Empire • Missi dominici • General assembly • Capitularies • 3. Currency • Denarius • Solidus

  24. III. The Carolingian, or Frankish, Empire • C. The Carolingian Renaissance • National hands • 1. Carolingian Miniscule • “Bookhand” • 2. Latin Language • Medieval Latin • Old French

  25. III. The Carolingian, or Frankish, Empire • C. The Carolingian Renaissance • 3. Standardization of Texts • Alcuin of York • 4. Schools and Curriculum • Trivium and quadrivium • 5. Court Scholars • D. Carolingian Society and Culture • 1. Aristocratic Culture

  26. III. The Carolingian, or Frankish, Empire • D. Carolingian Society and Culture • 2. Economy and Society • 3. Art and Architecture • E. Decline of the Carolingian Empire • 1. Division of the Empire • Louis the Pious • Treaty of Verdun • 2. New Invasions • Muslims, Magyars, Scandinavians

  27. Map7.3 Partition of the Frankish Empire

  28. Map 7.4 Invasions of Southern Europe, Ninth through Tenth Centuries

  29. IV. The Vikings, Kiev, and England • A. The Vikings • 1. Viking Ships and Exploration • Vinland • Iceland • 2. Eastern Expansion • Rus • Novgorod • Kiev

  30. Map 7.5 Invasions of Northern Europe, Eighth through Ninth Centuries

  31. IV. The Vikings, Kiev, and England • A. The Vikings • 3. Western Expansion • Danes • Norwegians • Rollo • Normandy • 4. Conversion to Christianity • Anskar

  32. IV. The Vikings, Kiev, and England • A. The Vikings • 5. Treatment of Women • Polygamy • 6. Poetry and Sagas • Edda • Valhalla • Gisla Saga • King Harald’s Saga

  33. IV. The Vikings, Kiev, and England • B. The Kievan Rus Principality • 1. Origins • Prince Oleg • Vladimir • Anna • 2. Reign of Yaroslav the Wise • Self-government of church • Russkaia Pravda

  34. Map7.6 Principality of Kiev

  35. IV. The Vikings, Kiev, and England • B. The Kievan Rus Principality • 3. Agriculture and Trade • 4. Kievan Cities • 5. Learning and Literature • The Primary Chronicle • 6. Art and Architecture • “Onion” dome • 7. Decline of the Principality of Kiev • Cumans

  36. IV. The Vikings, Kiev, and England • C. Anglo-Saxon England • 1. Alfred the Great • Reforms the militia • Builds fortresses • Danelaw • 2. Intellectual Life • Anglo-Saxon Chronicle

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