1 / 12

Nineteenth-Century Progress

Nineteenth-Century Progress. Inventions Make Life Easier. Thomas Edison patents over 1,000 inventions in research laboratory. In 1876, Alexander Graham Bell invents telephone. In 1895, Italian Guglielmo Marconi builds first radio. Ford Sparks the Automobile Industry.

dorinda
Télécharger la présentation

Nineteenth-Century Progress

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Nineteenth-CenturyProgress

  2. Inventions Make Life Easier • Thomas Edison patents over 1,000 inventions in research laboratory. • In 1876, Alexander Graham Bell invents telephone. • In 1895, Italian Guglielmo Marconi builds first radio.

  3. Ford Sparks the Automobile Industry • In 1880s, Germans invent first automobile. • Henry Ford lowers cost with assembly line—one task per worker.

  4. The Wright Brothers Fly • In 1903, Wright brothers develop first working airplane.

  5. New Ideas in Medicine The Germ Theory of Disease • Louis Pasteur discovers existence of bacteria while observing fermentation. • He and others quickly discover that bacteria cause disease. • British surgeon Joseph Lister links bacteria to surgical problems. • Sterilizing instruments reduces deaths from infection. • Medical researchers develop vaccines; cities improve sanitation.

  6. New Ideas in Science Darwin Challenges Traditional Beliefs • Charles Darwin—English scientist develops theory of evolution. • In 1880s most people believe in “special creation” by God .

  7. Darwin’s Theory of Evolution • Darwin’s idea of natural selection says competition elevates fittest. • Fittest then breed, their offspring share their advantages. • Theory of evolution—species change slowly through natural selection.

  8. Mendel and Genetics • Austrian monk Gregor Mendel discovers patterns to inherited traits. • Mendel’s work begins the science of genetics.

  9. Advances in Chemistry and Physics In 1803, John Dalton theorizes all matter is made of atoms. • In 1869, Dmitri Mendeleev creates periodic table of the elements. • Radioactivity—type of energy discovered by Marie and Pierre Curie. • Ernest Rutherford says atoms have a nucleus surrounded by electrons.

  10. Social Sciences Explore Behavior • Sciences of archaeology, sociology, anthropology begin in 1800s. • Psychology—study of human mind, behavior. • Ivan Pavlov believes human actions actually unconscious reactions. • Sigmund Freud studies unconscious, develops psychoanalysis. • Freud, Pavlov shake Enlightenment’s faith in reason.

  11. The Rise of Mass Culture From Leisure Culture to Mass Culture • Mass culture—art, music, writing, entertainment for large audience. • Leisure activities (movies, music) now available to working class. Music Halls, Vaudeville, and Movies • Traveling acts feature music, juggling, dancing. • In 1880s, people develop early projections of moving images. • By the early 1900s, filmmakers produce the first feature films.

  12. Sports Entertain Millions • Spectator sports draw huge crowds; modern Olympics in Greece, 1896.

More Related