All these quotes are from Napoleon. What do they tell you about him?

1. All these quotes are from Napoleon. What do they tell you about him? • “Power is my mistress. I have worked too hard at her conquest to allow anyone to take her away from me.” • “There are but two powers in the world, the sword and the mind. In the long run the sword is always beaten by the mind." • “Impossible is a word to be found only in the dictionary of fools.” • "He that makes war without many mistakes has not made war very long." • “Death is nothing, but to live defeated and inglorious is to die daily.” • “Ten people who speak make more noise than ten thousand who are silent.” • “History is the version of past events that people have decided to agree upon”. • “I know when it is necessary, how to leave the skin of lion to take one of fox.” • “A man will fight harder for his interests than for his rights.” • “A throne is only a bench covered with velvet.” • “Religion is what keeps the poor from murdering the rich.”

2. Monday, 25 August 2014 How did Napoleon seize power in 1799? KI4: Napoleonic Age 1799-1815.

3. Monday, 25 August 2014 Session Aims • Review events of 1795. • Explain factors leading to downfall of the Directoire • Investigate the significance of this event Events of 1789.

4. 13/02/12 Feb Half term • 20/02/12 3 • 27/02/12 4 • 05/03/12 4 • 12/03/12 4 • 19/03/12 4 • 26/03/12 R 1 • 02/04/12 Easter Hols • 09/04/12 Easter Hols • 16/04/12 R 2 • 23/04/12 R 3 • 30/04/12 R 4 • 07/05/12 R all • 14/05/12 Y12 EXAM

5. By what other name was the Whiff of Grapeshot known? • What was its significance?

6. 1795 The Whiff of Grapeshot

7. TAS K • What crises faced the Directory during 1799? • How successful were the policies introduced in 1799 to combat the deepening economic and military crises?

8. How did NB prepare for the coup of 18 Brumaire? • What was its significance?

9. Complete this timeline for KI4 1799* - 1815 On your A3 timeline you can have a maximum of two event per year represented. Choose wisely.

10. The Rise and Fall of Napoleon’s Empire How does this Picture reflect the information you gathered from the quotes?

11. How about these two Pictures?

12. Church Representatives Empress Josephine

13. For Each Slide…. • For each slide, add information to your chart. Make sure you put things in the correct category! • As you go put a P next to things that are Political, an S next to things that are Social and an E next to things that are Economic.

14. Napoleon was born here, on the Island of Corsica

15. 1769 – Born on Corsica Military school in France on Scholarship Saved National Convention, by firing shot at a mob come to get them Directory sent him into Italy- Success! Egypt - while there he practices administration, but loses to Nelson Returns to France as the Hero of Egypt (the news he lost is slower to arrive.) 1799 – dissolved Directory, seized power with Sieyes and Ducos and they become consuls to run the government Later, even more popular, he declares himself the one leader of France He takes on the Powers of a Dictator I. Napoleon Seizes Power

16. Napoleon Rules France • Plebiscite (public vote) approved new constitution – Napoleon stronger • He repair the economy – fixed tax collection, established a national bank, fired the corrupt • Lycees – started government run public schools, rewards based on merit • Concordat – repairs the relationship with Church, He will claim influence but no control • Establishes the Napoleonic Code – A system of laws that were uniform but eliminated individual rights, and restored slavery in Caribbean

17. Napoleon Creates an Empire • 1804 – crowned himself Emperor • Wanted territory in New World, couldn’t overcome slave armies in Haiti and sold the Louisiana Purchase to the USA • Wanted to expand in Europe, other nations attacked & were defeated, signed peace treaties • Austerlitz is his finest battle. He crushes both the Russians and Austrians Battle of Trafalgar – England’s Nelson destroyed the French fleet, Napoleon wouldn’t be able to invade Britain • Most of continental Europe in his control by 1812

18. The Greatest Extent of Napoleon’s Empire!

19. Continental System – blockade against Great Britain, destroy economy, make continental Europe more self-sufficient, Britain did it better… Peninsular War – French marched into Spain, took over govt., Spanish guerrilla forces attacked, French army severely weakened Napoleon establishes his relatives as kings in the countries he conquers. These people are not competent rulers. The citizens of these countries revolt. Napoleon’s Costly Mistakes

20. D) Invasion of Russia – Meant to punish Czar for selling grain to England. 1812- 600,000 + French soldiers invade Russia Russians pull back and refuse to fight, practice scorched-earth policy, and burn Moscow down. Napoleon marched back to France in winter, lost his army to the cold. 20,000 walk out… “Swallows fell from the sky like stones, frozen in flight in the bitter cold…”

21. Napoleon’s Downfall • Major powers attacked: England and Prussia • 1814 – Napoleon surrendered at Leipzig, exiled to island of Elba • New king unpopular, Napoleon escaped Elba, returns to France a Hero for 100 days and built a new army in 1815 • Battle of Waterloo – Napoleon defeated by combined forces of Russia, Prussia, Austria Sweden and England • St. Helena – Exiled until his death in 1821

22. Now that you have these notes… • Go back through your entries and label each event: • P for Political • S for Social • E for economic • Also, Can you identify any examples where Napoleon’s actions were Reactionary, Conservative, Liberalor Radical? Explain…

23. Homework • Answer this question (with a plan), within the 12 minutes. • Explain why the Directoire collapsed in 1799? (12 marks)