International Nuclear Security

1. International Nuclear Security Axel Hagemann Office of Nuclear Security Department of Nuclear Safety and Security International Conference on Fifty Years of Nuclear Power – the Next Fifty Years Obninsk 30 June 2004

2. Contents • History • Elements of Nuclear Security • Role of the IAEA

3. 50 Years of Nuclear Power • 50 Years of Nuclear Security? • International Nuclear Security?

4. IAEAAtoms for Peace ·Safeguards and Verification • Science and technology • Safety and security

5. INFCIRC 225 • “Gray Book” 1972 • Recommendations for the Physical protection of Nuclear Material • IFCIRC 225 1975 • The Physical Protection of Nuclear Material • Introducing “Sabotage” • INFCIRC 225/Rev.4 1998 • The Physical Protection of Nuclear Material and Nuclear Facilities

6. Convention onPhysical Protection of Nuclear Material • Open Ended Expert meeting 1999 • Working group conclusion on the need to strengthen 2001 • Group of Legal and Technical Experts • Proposed amendment 2003 • Request of Member States to circulate 2004 • A proposed amendment

7. Convention onPhysical Protection of Nuclear Material the amendment includes • extension of the scope to cover • nuclear material in domestic use storage and transport, • the protection of nuclear material and facilities from sabotage, • and the Physical Protection Objectives and Fundamental Principles

8. IAEA Activities • International Physical Protection Advisory Service (IPPAS) • International Nuclear Security Advisory Service (INSServ) • DBT-Workshop • Training and support

10. Nuclear Security Proposed by AdSec • The prevention • and detection of and • response to, • theft, sabotage, unauthorized access, • illegal transfer or other malicious acts • involving nuclear material, • other radioactive substances • or their associated facilities

11. State System for Nuclear Material Accountancy and Control • Assessment Services • Guidance • Training • Technical support

12. Safety and Security RegulatoryInfrastructure Categorization of Sources Orphan Source Recovery Emergency Response Plans Radioactive Waste Management Safety engineering and source design

13. Code of Conduct on the safety and security of radioactive sources IAEA/CODEOC/2004, Endorsed by GC(47)/RES/7 Presents basic principles on the safety and security of radioactive sources Initially published in Dec 2000. Revised Sept 2003.

14. TECDOC/1344Categorization of radioactive sources Discusses and categorizes radioactive sources of concern that could be of danger Published Dec 2000 as TECDOC/1191, revised July 2003 as TECDOC/1344

15. TECDOC/1355Security of radioactive sources Provides practical information to assess and implement security measures for radioactive sources Interim guidance for comments published in July 2003

16. TECDOC-1388National Strategies Presents a method to locate and secure orphan radioactive sources Published Dec 2003

17. Response to Illicit Trafficking incidents Three IAEA TECDOCS, co-sponsored by World Customs Organization (WCO), INTERPOL and EUROPOL were published in Sept 2002: • 1311 - Prevention of Inadvertent Movement and Illicit Trafficking of Radioactive Materials • 1312 - Detection of Radioactive Materials at Borders • 1313 - Response to Events involving Inadvertent Movement and Illicit Trafficking of Radioactive Materials • Illicit trafficking data base

18. Recovery Plans and Radiological Emergency Response To ensure that States, and the Agency, are able to respond effectively to the theft of sources and to radiological aspects of acts of terrorism involving radioactive material Development of new methodologies, guidelines, appraisal services and training courses. Emergency Preparedness GS-R-2 - Tecdoc-953

19. International Nuclear Security • Security rests in national responsibility • Security is a national obligation • Terrorism is an international phenomenon • Trans-boundary consequences • International cooperation in Nuclear security is a must for effective national security