Understanding Elements and Compounds: Properties and Classifications

1. Elements

2. Elements, The Simplist Substance • Element: • A ______ ________ that ________ be broken down into simpler substances by physical or chemical means. • Pure Substance: • Substance in which there is only _____ type of particle • Each element contains only one type of particle (_____)

3. Properties of Elements • Each element has its own ____________ properties that will help __________ the element. • Physical properties • Chemical properties • Elements may share similar properties, but have other properties that will identify the substance.

4. Classifying Elements by Their Properties • Categories of Elements: • __________: (Most Elements) • Shiny or Lustre • Conduct heat energy and electric current • Iron, nickel, cobalt • ___________: • Dull (solid) • Do not conduct heat energy and electric current • Carbon, sulfur, iodine • ___________: • Properties of both metals and nonmetals

5. Compounds • Compound: • Pure substance that is composed of two or more elements that are ___________ __________. • Combine by _________ (_________ __________) • Made up of molecules • Formed when atoms of 2 or more elements join • Elements join in a ________ _______ according to their _________ to form a compound • A ratio of a certain compound is always the same.

6. Properties of Compounds • May be identified by both physical and chemical properties. • Properties of _________ differ from those of the __________ that form them. • Ex: Sodium Chloride (Table Salt) • Sodium reacts violently with water • Cholorine is a poisonous gas Properties: Compounds vs. Elements

7. Breaking Down Compounds • Some compounds may be broken down into ________ by _______ change. • Some break down into simpler __________. • Carbonic Acid breaks down into carbon dioxide and water. • Break down through ________ _________ • Need _________ • Heat • Electric current (electrolysis) Methods of Breaking Down Compounds

8. Compounds in Your World • Food • School Supplies • Clothes • Compounds found in nature usually need to be broken down for use in industry. • Aluminum – produced by breaking down aluminum oxide • Ammonia - nitrogen + hydrogen • ___________ are compounds found in living things • Need the element nitrogen to make proteins • __________ ________ is needed by plants to produce carbohydrates • Produce energy for plants and animals Compounds in Industry Compounds in Nature