P roblems of social rehabilitation of children with limited possibility

1. Problems of social rehabilitation of children with limited possibility

2. The problem specification - the absence of conventional methodologies and manuals concerning the question of rehabilitation - the existing methodological materials are usually combined and unsystematized - the available literature contains as a rule information about well-known, little effective methods which have existed for quite a long time - it is very difficult to get access to the new, unique ones.

3. Consequence of problem => specialistsbuy these manuals at the advanced training courses or in shops (these materials are often no good at all or they are nothing but just prospectuses) => Specialists may take training courses on their own initiative and at their expense =>Some specialists establish their own methods and use them in their work with their clients (sometimes they are really good but they are “locked” in one particular institution and can’t be spread).

4. On the basis of «Zhuravyshka» in Nizhny Novgorod there is “Stupeni” • - This is an organization department for rehabilitation and social adaptation of mentally and physically handicapped children and adolescents • Work’s organization: • - there is always an adult to look after each of child: a specialist, a teacher, sometimes parents • cards with images of everyday activities are used: each child has a table on which these cards are organized representing the daily routine • - everything is recorded in a personal file. Then the data are used in the development of the rehabilitation programme.

5. - Specialists from the department have established and worked out their own games and tasks for children to help them to develop certain skills - In “Stupeni” children are taught to do household work. One of the rooms represents a real kitchen. Children are taught there to make tea, to lay the table, etc. It is not an easy task for such children, so it is a great achievement for them when they finally become able to do that. The specialists from the department feel the lack of new methodologies and opportunity to exchange their knowledge and experience with other specialists. Thus there are some suggestions for changing the situation.

6. Suggestions for solving the problem - to organize experience exchange (conference but for people, who attend to science, organization of round tables, seminars, the master-classes: the invitation of experts directly on the place of work and demonstration of the techniques "in operation". Experts could gather for themselves innovations and introduce them in the establishments. - Methodical literature can be let out in uniform base, that is all materials of actions are transferred in the uniform center. After the edition of establishment it is centralized receive this literature.

7. Russian system of education in the sphere of social work The major Social Work was introduced in 1991. The today’s system of education in this sphere is multilevel and includes: - Primary education, - Specialized secondary education, - Higher education (Specialist in Social Work, Bachelor and Master’s degree courses) - Postgraduate course - Retraining courses, advanced training courses of specialists and university professors