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Reforming Society: The Progressive Movement and Muckrakers in America

The Progressive Movement of the early 20th century was a response to the societal challenges posed by industrialization and urbanization. Muckrakers, investigative journalists, played a pivotal role in exposing societal issues such as child labor, unsafe working conditions, and political corruption. Key reforms included the 17th Amendment for direct senatorial elections, labor unions advocating for workers' rights, and legislation like the Sherman and Clayton Anti-Trust Acts aimed at regulating big business. Notable figures such as Ida B. Wells and W.E.B. Du Bois fought for civil rights and social justice, laying the groundwork for future movements.

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Reforming Society: The Progressive Movement and Muckrakers in America

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  1. PROGRESSIVES CHANGE SOCIETY FOR THE BETTER

  2. MUCKRAKERS • JOURNALISTS THAT EXPOSED THE PROBLEMS OF SOCIETY: • CHILD LABOR/ LOW WAGES/ DANGEROUS CONDITIONS/ NO BENEFITS

  3. POLITICAL REFORMS • LOCAL- CITY MANAGERS/ CITY COMMISSIONERS • STATE- 17TH AMENDMENT- DIRECT ELECTION OF SENATORS • INITIATIVE- VOTERS SUGGEST A LAW • REFERENDUM- DECIDE YES OR NO ON A LAW • RECALL- REPLACE A POLITICIAN

  4. ELECTIONS • SECRET BALLOT-AUSTRALIAN • DIRECT PRIMARY TO DECIDE CANDIDATE JOBS • THE SPOILS SYSTEM- ENDED BY THE PENDLETON ACT- YOU HAVE TO TAKE A CIVIL SERVICE EXAM TO GET A FEDERAL JOB.

  5. CONTROL BIG BUSINESS • ICC- INTERSTATE COMMERCE COMMISSION- CONTROL RAILROADS • TRUSTS-MONOPOLIES • SHERMAN ANTI-TRUST ACT • CLAYTON ANTI-TRUST ACT

  6. UNIONS • TO FIGHT FOR RIGHTS OF WORKERS • KNIGHTS OF LABOR (ANYBODY) • AFL- AMERICAN FEDERATION OFLABOR (SAMUEL GOMPERS)---ONLY SKILLED WORKERS • ARU- AMERICAN RAILWAY UNION- EUGENE V. DEBS

  7. HOW? • STRIKES • BOYCOTTS • SIT-DOWNS • BUSINESS OWNERS TRIED TO FIGHT BACK- HIRED SCABS TO REPLACE STRIKING WORKERS. • HIRED ARMED GUARDS TO BREAKUP STRIKES

  8. STRIKES • HAYMARKET SQUARE- RIOT WHEN ANARCHIST THREW BOMBS • HOMESTEAD STRIKE- CARNEGIE STEEL- PINKERTON GUARDS FIRED AT STRIKERS • PULLMAN STRIKE- EUGENE V. DEBS- STRIKE SHUT DOWN THE RR.S AND STOPPED DELIVERY OF THE MAIL. • ENDED BY PRESIDENTIAL INJUNCTION

  9. WOMEN’S RIGHTS • ELIZABETH CADY STANTON • SUSAN B. ANTHONY • RIGHT TO VOTE • (WON’T HAPPEN TIL AFTER WWI- THE 19THAMENDMENT- IN 1920)

  10. AFRICAN AMERICANS • BOOKER T. WASHINGTON= GRADUAL EQUALITY- GET AN EDUCATION AND EARN MONEY- ECONOMIC EQUALITY WILL BRING SOCIAL EQUALITY- EVENTUALLY • W.E.B. DuBOIS- SOCIAL EQUALITY NOW!!!!- FORMED THE N.A.A.C.P.

  11. IDA B. WELLS • ANTI-LYNCHING CRUSADER • WANTED A FEDERAL LAW AGAINST LYNCHING (ILLEGAL EXECUTION)

  12. WCTU • WOMEN’S CHRISTIAN TEMPERANCE UNION • ANTI-ALCOHOL • ANTI-SALOON LEAGUE • PROTECTION FOR WOMEN

  13. REVIEW • PROGRESSIVES WANTED TO ___________ PROBLEMS IN SOCIETY CAUSED BY INDUSTRIALIZATION AND URBANIZATION. REFORM JOURNALISTS THAT EXPOSEDPROBLEMS WERE CALLED_________ MUCKRAKERS

  14. PEOPLE CAN SUGGEST A LAW • INITIATIVE • PEOPLE CAN VOTE ON A LAW • REFERENDUM • PEOPLE CAN KICK OUT A CRAPPY POLITICIAN IN AN EARLY ELECTION • RECALL

  15. CRUSADED TO END LYNCHING • IDA B. WELLS • HULL HOUSE WAS A _________ • SETTLEMENT HOUSE • WHO OPENED IT? • JANE ADDAMS- IN CHICAGO • FOUNDED THE NAACP? • WEB DUBOIS

  16. ACT THAT ENDED THE SPOILS SYSTEM? • PENDLETON ACT • ACT THAT TRIED TO LIMIT TRUSTS? • SHERMAN ANTI-TRUST ACT/ CLAYTON ANTI-TRUST ACT • FIRST ATTEMPT TO LIMIT BIG BUSINESS? • ICC- INTERSTATE COMMERCE COMMISSION

  17. IF YOU WANT YOUR CITY TO BE RUN EFFICIENTLY, HIRE A ___________ • CITY MANAGER OR COMMISSIONER • THIS ALLOWS YOU TO PICK WHO YOUR CANDIDATE WILL BE. • DIRECT PRIMARY ELECTIONS

  18. DIRECT ELECTION OF SENATORS? • 17TH AMENDMENT • VOTING IN PRIVACY? • AUSTRALIAN BALLOT-SECRET BALLOT • GROUP AGAINST ALCOHOL? • WCTU

  19. STRIKE THAT TURNED INTO A RIOT? • HAYMARKET SQUARE • FOUNDER OF THE AFL • SAMUEL GOMPERS • STRIKE ENDED BY AN INJUNCTION? • PULLMAN STRIKE IN CHICAGO

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