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Understanding Graphs: Independent and Dependent Variables in Experiments

This guide covers the essential aspects of making and interpreting graphs in a scientific context. It explains the roles of independent and dependent variables—how the independent variable is plotted on the X-axis, while the dependent variable appears on the Y-axis. The guide also explores graph shapes to determine relationships—direct, inverse, exponential, or no relation—based on the data. Additionally, it discusses translating motion graphs, including position versus time and velocity versus time, highlighting their implications in describing motion.

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Understanding Graphs: Independent and Dependent Variables in Experiments

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  1. Semester 1 Final Exam Graph Review

  2. Making graphs • What variable gets plotted on the X-axis? y-axis x-axis

  3. Making graphs • What variable gets plotted on the X-axis? • The INDEPENDENT VARIABLE…the one YOU decided to change in the experiment. y-axis x-axis

  4. Making graphs • What variable gets plotted on the Y-axis? y-axis x-axis

  5. Making graphs • What variable gets plotted on the Y-axis? • THE DEPENDENT VARIABLE…the one that you measure y-axis x-axis

  6. What relationship does the graph shape tell you A. B. C. D.

  7. What relationship does the graph shape tell you A. B. Direct C. D.

  8. What does the graph shape tell you A. B. Direct Inverse C. D.

  9. What does the graph shape tell you A. B. Direct Inverse C. D. No-relation

  10. What relationship does the graph shape tell you A. B. Direct Inverse C. D. No-relation Exponential

  11. How would you straighten out B and D A. B. Direct Inverse C. D. No-relation Exponential

  12. How would you straighten out B and D A. B. Plot Y vs. 1/X C. D.

  13. How would you straighten out B and D A. B. Plot Y vs. 1/X C. D. Plot Y vs. X^2

  14. If these were positon vs. time graphs, describe the motion A. B. C. D.

  15. If these were positon vs. time graphs, describe the motion A. B. forward const. vel C. D.

  16. If these were positon vs. time graphs, describe the motion A. B. backwards slowing down C. D.

  17. If these were positon vs. time graphs, describe the motion A. B. C. D. forward speeding up

  18. If these were positon vs. time graphs, describe the motion A. B. C. D. backwards speeding up

  19. If these were velocity vs. time graphs, describe the motion A. B. C. D.

  20. If these were velocity vs. time graphs, describe the motion A. B. forward speeding up C. D.

  21. If these were velocity vs. time graphs, describe the motion A. B. forward constant vel. C. D.

  22. If these were velocity vs. time graphs, describe the motion A. B. C. D. forward slowing down

  23. If these were velocity vs. time graphs, describe the motion A. B. C. D. backward speeding up

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