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Chapter. Chapter Resources. 7. Click on one of the following icons to go to that resource. physicspp.com. Chapter Summary. Chapter Assessment Questions. Image Bank. Transparencies. Standardized Test Practice. Video Clips and Animations. Chapter. Image Bank. 7. Chapter. Image Bank.
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Chapter Chapter Resources 7 Click on one of the following icons to go to that resource. physicspp.com Chapter Summary Chapter Assessment Questions Image Bank Transparencies Standardized Test Practice Video Clips and Animations
Chapter Image Bank 7
Chapter Image Bank 7 Comet Hale-Bopp
Chapter Image Bank 7 Planetary Data
Chapter Image Bank 7 Sketch of Orbits of Lo and Callisto
Chapter Image Bank 7 Universal Gravitation and Kepler’s Third Law
Chapter Image Bank 7 Cavendish Balance
Chapter Image Bank 7 Orbits of Planets and Satellites
Chapter Image Bank 7 Landsat 7
Chapter Image Bank 7 Sketching Satellite’s Orbit Around Earth
Chapter Image Bank 7 Astronaut Chiaki Mukai Experiencing Weightlessness Aboard Space Shuttle Columbia
Chapter Image Bank 7 The Gravitational Field
Chapter Image Bank 7 Vectors Representing Earth’s Gravitational Field
Chapter Image Bank 7 Inertial Balance
Chapter Image Bank 7 Rubber Sheet Illustrating Effect of Mass on Space
Chapter Image Bank 7 Deflection of Light
Chapter Image Bank 7 Chandra X-ray Image of Two Black Holes
Chapter Image Bank 7 Standardized Test Practice (Q. 2)
Chapter Image Bank 7 Standardized Test Practice (Q. 5)
Chapter Transparencies 7
Chapter Transparencies 7 Transparency 7-1
Chapter Transparencies 7 Transparency 7-2
Chapter Transparencies 7 Transparency 7-3
Chapter Transparencies 7 Transparency 7-4
Chapter Video Clips and Animations 7 Kepler’s First Law Click image to view the movie.
Chapter Video Clips and Animations 7 Kepler’s Second Law Click image to view the movie.
Chapter Video Clips and Animations 7 Kepler’s Third Law Click image to view the movie.
Chapter Video Clips and Animations 7 Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation
Chapter Video Clips and Animations 7 Inverse Square Law
Chapter Video Clips and Animations 7 Cavendish Experiment Click image to view the movie.
Chapter Video Clips and Animations 7 Orbits of Planets and Satellites Click image to view the movie.
Chapter Video Clips and Animations 7 Two Kinds of Mass Click image to view the movie.
Section Chapter Summary 7.1 Planetary Motion and Gravitation • Kepler’s first law states that the paths of the planets are ellipses, with Sun at one focus. • Kepler’s second law states that an imaginary line from the Sun to a planet sweeps out equal areas in equal time intervals. • Kepler’s third law states that the square of the ratio of the periods of any two planets revolving about the Sun is equal to the cube of the ratio of their average distances from the Sun.
Section Chapter Summary 7.1 Planetary Motion and Gravitation • Newton’s law of universal gravitation states that the gravitational force between any two objects is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers. The force is attractive and along a line connecting their centers.
Section Chapter Summary 7.1 Planetary Motion and Gravitation • Newton’s law of universal gravitation can be used to rewrite Kepler’s third law to relate the radius and period of a planet to the mass of the Sun.
Section Chapter Summary 7.2 Using the Law of Universal Gravitation • The speed of an object in circular orbit is given by the following expression:
Section Chapter Summary 7.2 Using the Law of Universal Gravitation • The period of a satellite in a circular orbit is given by the following expression: • All objects have gravitational field surrounding them.
Section Chapter Summary 7.2 Using the Law of Universal Gravitation • Gravitational mass and inertial mass are two essentially different concepts. The gravitational and inertial masses of an object, however, are numerically equal.
Section Chapter Summary 7.2 Using the Law of Universal Gravitation • Einstein’s general theory of relativity describes gravitational attraction as a property of space itself.
Chapter Chapter Assessment Questions 7 Question 1 ________ states that objects attract other objects with a force that is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. • Kepler’s first law • Kepler’s second law • Kepler’s third law • Newton’s law of universal gravitation
Chapter Chapter Assessment Questions 7 Answer 1 Answer:D Reason:According to Newton’s law of universal gravitation:
Chapter Chapter Assessment Questions 7 Question 2 A satellite orbiting Earth over the equator appears to remain over one spot to an observer on Earth. What is its orbital speed? • Equal to Earth’s orbital speed around Sun • Equal to Earth’s rate of rotation • Zero • Data insufficient
Chapter Chapter Assessment Questions 7 Answer 2 Answer:B Reason:When the satellite’s orbital speed matches with Earth’s rate of rotation, the satellite appears to remain over one spot on the equator.
Chapter Chapter Assessment Questions 7 Question 3 Describe a gravitational field.
Chapter Chapter Assessment Questions 7 Answer 3 Any object with mass is surrounded by a gravitational field in which another object experiences a force due to the interaction between its mass and the gravitational field, g, at its location.
Chapter Chapter Assessment Questions 7 Question 4 Differentiate between inertial mass and gravitational mass.
Chapter Chapter Assessment Questions 7 Answer 4 Mass related to the inertia of an object is inertial mass. Inertial mass is equal to the ratio of the net force exerted on an object to its acceleration. Mass as used in the law of universal gravitation determines the size of the gravitational force between two objects and is called gravitational mass.
Chapter Chapter Assessment Questions 7 Question 5 If a lift carrying a person starts to fall freely toward Earth, the contact force between the lift and the person inside the lift will be equal to: • Weight of the person • Weight of the lift • Zero • Gravitational force between the lift and Earth
Chapter Chapter Assessment Questions 7 Answer 5 Answer:C Reason:In a free fall toward Earth both, the lift and the person inside it are falling toward Earth with the same acceleration. Hence, the person experiences weightlessness.
Chapter Standardized Test Practice 7 Multiple Choice • Two satellites are in orbit around a planet. One satellite has an orbital radius of 8.0×106 m. The period of rotation for this satellite is 1.0×106 s. The other satellite has an orbital radius of 2.0×107 m. What is this satellite’s period of rotation? • 5.0×105 s • 2.5×106 s • 4.0×106 s • 1.3×107 s
