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Respiratory System

Respiratory System. Function. Gas exchange between air, blood, and tissues Oxygen in and carbon dioxide out Speech Coughing, sneezing, hiccupping, yawning. Important structures. Nose/mouth : openings through which air can come in Pharynx : (throat) passageway for both food and air

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Respiratory System

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  1. Respiratory System

  2. Function • Gas exchange between air, blood, and tissues • Oxygen in and carbon dioxide out • Speech • Coughing, sneezing, hiccupping, yawning

  3. Important structures • Nose/mouth: openings through which air can come in • Pharynx: (throat) passageway for both food and air • Larynx: (voice box) vocal cords, speech • Trachea: (windpipe) tube from larynx to lungs

  4. Lungs • Bronchi: the 2 branches leading to the lungs • Bronchioles: smaller branches within each lung • Alveoli: small sacks surrounded by capillaries; gas exchange happens here

  5. Gas exchange • Alveoli and capillaries • Blood cells in single file • Diffusion • High CO2 inside blood cells, low CO2 in alveolus • High O2 in alveolus, low O2 in blood cell

  6. Breathing • Movement of air into and out of the lungs • Ventilation = inhalation + exhalation • Diaphragm • Contracts when inhaling (pulled down) lungs expand • Relaxes when exhaling (pushed up)  lungs push air out

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