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The Adrenal Glands

The Adrenal Glands. By: Jenny Desplat, Stephen Solinas, and Emila Danilowicz Per. 1. Endocrine System. Hormone control Growth Keeping blood normal Stress response Maintaining homeostasis Metabolism Sleep Mood Tissue function. Adrenal Glands. Location. Sits over the kidney.

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The Adrenal Glands

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  1. The Adrenal Glands By: Jenny Desplat, Stephen Solinas, and Emila Danilowicz Per. 1

  2. Endocrine System • Hormone control • Growth • Keeping blood normal • Stress response • Maintaining homeostasis • Metabolism • Sleep • Mood • Tissue function

  3. Adrenal Glands

  4. Location Sits over the kidney

  5. Functions • Hormone release • Stress response • Regulating the osmolality of blood plasma

  6. Hormones Released • Stress response • Cortisol, epinephrine (adrenaline), and norepinephrine • Regulating the osmolality of blood plasma • Aldosterone

  7. Cortisol • Steroid Hormone • Glucocorticoid • Responds to stress • Responds to low levels of glucocorticoid in blood • Immune system suppressant • Aids in Fat, Protein, and Carbohydrate metabolism • Synthetics can be used to treat diseases

  8. Epinephrine(Adrenaline) • Hormone and Neurotransmitter • Regulating heart rate, blood vessel and air passage diameters, and metabolic shifts • Triggers Fight-or-Flight response • Central nervous system response to stressful situations

  9. Norepinephrine • Neurotransmitter • Increases heart rate • Norepinephrine also underlies the fight-or-flight response • Triggers release of glucose • Increases brain’s oxygen supply

  10. Aldosterone • Controls sodium secretion of potassium • Increases amounts of water held in blood • Raises blood pressure • Increase water absorption into kidney

  11. Pheochromocytoma Hyperaldosteronism • Causes: problems with adrenal glands causes them to release too much aldosterone • Symptoms: fatigue, headache, muscle weakness, numbness, paralysis (that comes and goes) • Causes: chromaffin cells found in core of adrenal glands cause tumors • Symptoms: high blood pressure, sweating, abdominal pain, headaches, anxiety, pale skin, weight loss

  12. Pheochromocytoma Hyperaldosteronism

  13. Interesting stuff • Each weigh 4 grams • Necessary for life • Made up of two regions • Cortex • Medulla

  14. Bibliography • Mayo Clinic. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Apr. 2011. <http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/ pheochromocytoma/DS00569/DSECTION=symptoms>.  • Medline Plus. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 July 2011. <http://www.nlm.nih.gov/ medlineplus/ency/article/000330.htm>.  • Encyclopedia.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 Mar. 2013. <http://www.encyclopedia.com/      topic/adrenal_gland.aspx>. 

  15. Concept Check Questions • Which one is not a function of the Endocrine System? • Growth b) Keeping blood normal c) Protectiond) Sleep C 2) Which hormone is not associated with the Adrenal Glands? • Prolactin b) Cortisol c) Epinephrine d)Aldosterone A

  16. Concept Check Questions 3) Where are the adrenal glands located? • In the brain b) Above the kidneys c) In the pancreasd)In the Ovaries B 4) Explain what the hormone norepinephrine does. Increases heart rate, underlies the fight-or-flight response, triggers release of glucose, increases brain’s oxygen supply.

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