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Population distribution. Key words and definitions Population density – The number of people per square km Dense – Many people per square km Sparse – Few people per square km Distribution – How people are spread out.
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Population distribution • Key words and definitions Population density – The number of people per square km Dense – Many people per square km Sparse – Few people per square km Distribution – How people are spread out
People are not evenly spread out across the world – some places have more people (dense populations) and some places have only a few people (sparse populations).Look at the map below that highlights some of these places. Dense Sparse First let’s highlight some areas of dense population Now some areas of sparse population
Let’s look at why some of these places are densely and some sparsely populated. Population distribution is affected by a number of different environmental and human factors. If these factors result in a dense population they are called positive factors. That is because they are good things that make it easier for people to survive and thrive. Factors that make it difficult for people to live are called negative factors and can lead to sparse populations.
The positive Factors will be the opposite of the negative factors These tend to lead to dense populations These tend to lead to sparse populations
Let’s look back at our map and see how these factors apply to the population distribution of the world….. Northern Canada/Greenland – extreme climate – very cold sparse population Himalayan mountains – too steep, difficult communications, cold (Sparse population) Bangladesh – low lying, rich fertile soil, warm and wet (ideal for crops) good water supply dense population Sahara Desert too hot and dry, poor soils so sparse population Amazon rainforest – extreme climate – hot and wet (negative factor so sparse population. Western Europe, mild climate, good communications, lots of jobs dense population
A more radical approach to population control was the introduction of the one child policy in China • 25% of the world’s population is Chinese • In 1979 the government introduced the one child policy • People who have more than 1 child pay big fines. • Only single children get free education, health care and pensions
Effects of the Policy • Has resulted in a high rate of infanticide (killing newborn babies) 90% of which were female as Chinese tradition values boys above girls • But without the policy it is estimated there would be an extra 320million people in China • Recently the government has started to relax this policy and focus more on the education method.
