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Understanding the Anatomy and Function of the Ankle Joint

Learn about the synovial, hinge joint of the ankle, its ligaments, movements, and related structures as explained by Dr. Ahmed Fathalla Ibrahim.

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Understanding the Anatomy and Function of the Ankle Joint

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  1. ANKLE JOINT Dr. Ahmed Fathalla Ibrahim

  2. ANKLE JOINT TYPE • It is synovial, hinge joint ARTICULAR SURFACES UPPER: • A socket formed by the lower end of tibia, medial malleolus, lateral malleolus & transverse tibiofibular ligament LOWER • Body of talus

  3. LIGAMENTS MEDIAL (DELTOID) LIGAMENT • A strong triangular ligament • Its apex is attached to tip of medial malleolus • Its base is attached to: navicular bone, plantar calcaneo-navicular ligament, neck of talus, sustentaculum tali, body of talus

  4. LIGAMENTS LATERAL LIGAMENT Formed of 3 separate bands: ANTERIOR TALOFIBULAR • From anterior border of lateral malleolus to neck of talus POSTERIOR TALOFIBULAR • From malleolar fossa to posterior tubercle of talus CALCANEOFIBULAR • From tip of lateral malleolus to lateral surface of calcaneus

  5. RELATIONS • ANTERIOR: structures passing deep to extenxor retinacula • POSTERIOR: tendo-calcaneus & tendon of plantaris • POSTERO-LATERAL: tendons of peroneus longus & brevis • POSTERO-MEDIAL: structures passing deep to flexor retinaculum

  6. SUPPLY • NERVES: • Tibial • Deep peroneal • ARTERIES: • Anterior tibial • Dorsalis pedis • Posterior tibial

  7. MOVEMENTS DORSIFLEXION • Muscles of anterior compartment of leg PLANTERFLEXION • Initiated by soleus • Maintained by gastrocnemius • Helped by other muscles of posterior compartment of leg

  8. MOVEMENTS • N.B.: • THE MOVEMENT OF INVERSION & EVERSION IS PERFORMED AT SUBTALAR JOINTS AND NOT AT ANKLE JOINT • INVERTORS: TIBIALIS ANTERIOR & POSTERIOR (helped by flexor digitroum longus & flexor hallucis longus) • EVERTORS: PERONEUS LONGUS, BREVIS & TERTIUS

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