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Understanding Cultural Diversity: A Comprehensive Overview

Explore the intricate facets of culture, from values and norms to material goods and norms. Delve into the types of norms, sanctions, and cultural variations, while learning about ethnocentrism, cultural relativism, and culture shock. Discover the significance of subcultures and universal elements of culture, as well as art forms and pastimes reflecting societal beliefs.

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Understanding Cultural Diversity: A Comprehensive Overview

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  1. Notes on Culture

  2. I. Culture • 1. Consists of the values the members of a given group hold, the norms they follow and the material goods they create.

  3. 2. Composed of material and non material • a. Material: all things humans make and use • b. Nonmaterial: totality of knowledge, beliefs, values, and rules for appropriate behaviors.

  4. c. Norms: rules of behavior agreed and shared within culture that prescribes limits to behavior.

  5. II. 2 types of Norm violations. • 1. Mores: strong norms based on values/morals of the culture.

  6. 2. Folkways: informal, loosely enforced rules and traditions.

  7. 3. Sanctions: formal and informal reactions to the breaking of norms • Formal- Written, documented sanctions • Informal- Not written

  8. III. Cultural Variation-Material culture changes much faster than a non material culture.

  9. 1. Change occurs due to borrowing. • 2. Change also occurs due to invention. • 3. Cultural diffusion-spreading of cultural traits.

  10. IV. 1. Ethnocentrism- judging another culture based on your own customs and values.

  11. Avoid by using- cultural relativism: judge an action by their own cultural standards.

  12. 2. Universals of culture-elements of culture that can be found in ALL cultures; examples include: rites of passage, incest taboo, division of labor, ideologies

  13. 3. Culture shock-experiencing a new culture for the first time.

  14. V. Subcultures-groups within a bigger culture with shared norms, etc. • Ethnic Occupational Political • Religious Deviant • Social class Geographic

  15. VI. Art forms and pastimes • 1. Art forms-physical manifestations/symbols of culture.

  16. 2. Pastimes-what people do when they are not working, recreation, do not have to do it.

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