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Notes on Culture

Notes on Culture. I. Culture. 1. Consists of the values the members of a given group hold, the norms they follow and the material goods they create . 2. Composed of material and non material. a. Material: all things humans make and use

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Notes on Culture

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  1. Notes on Culture

  2. I. Culture • 1. Consists of the values the members of a given group hold, the norms they follow and the material goods they create.

  3. 2. Composed of material and non material • a. Material: all things humans make and use • b. Nonmaterial: totality of knowledge, beliefs, values, and rules for appropriate behaviors.

  4. c. Norms: rules of behavior agreed and shared within culture that prescribes limits to behavior.

  5. II. 2 types of Norm violations. • 1. Mores: strong norms based on values/morals of the culture.

  6. 2. Folkways: informal, loosely enforced rules and traditions.

  7. 3. Sanctions: formal and informal reactions to the breaking of norms • Formal- Written, documented sanctions • Informal- Not written

  8. III. Cultural Variation-Material culture changes much faster than a non material culture.

  9. 1. Change occurs due to borrowing. • 2. Change also occurs due to invention. • 3. Cultural diffusion-spreading of cultural traits.

  10. IV. 1. Ethnocentrism- judging another culture based on your own customs and values.

  11. Avoid by using- cultural relativism: judge an action by their own cultural standards.

  12. 2. Universals of culture-elements of culture that can be found in ALL cultures; examples include: rites of passage, incest taboo, division of labor, ideologies

  13. 3. Culture shock-experiencing a new culture for the first time.

  14. V. Subcultures-groups within a bigger culture with shared norms, etc. • Ethnic Occupational Political • Religious Deviant • Social class Geographic

  15. VI. Art forms and pastimes • 1. Art forms-physical manifestations/symbols of culture.

  16. 2. Pastimes-what people do when they are not working, recreation, do not have to do it.

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