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Review Ancient World

Review Ancient World. Vocabulary . 1. Cultural Diffusion: Exchange of goods, customs and ideas among cultures. 2. Neolithic Revolution: Changing in the way man got food. From hunting and gathering to domesticating of animals. 3. Polytheistic: Belief in many gods. Early People: Paleolithic Era.

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Review Ancient World

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  1. Review Ancient World

  2. Vocabulary • 1. Cultural Diffusion: Exchange of goods, customs and ideas among cultures. • 2. Neolithic Revolution: Changing in the way man got food. From hunting and gathering to domesticating of animals. • 3. Polytheistic: Belief in many gods.

  3. Early People: Paleolithic Era

  4. How did they gather food? • Moved from place to place, hunting and gathering (nomads)

  5. How did they adapt to their environment? • Made simple tools and weapons. Used fire for warmth and cooking. • Developed language.

  6. What were their spiritual beliefs? • Began burying their dead with care. • Showed they believed in the afterlife.

  7. Describe the patterns of migration. • Belief that earliest people lived in East Africa. • Old Stone Age, people migrated North and South into Europe and Asia. • Eventually some migrated over the land bridge into North America.

  8. Causes of the Neolithic Revolution: • 1. Warm weather allowed plants to grow where ice was. • 2. Learning how to domesticate plants and animals.

  9. How did the Neolithic Revolution change lives? • Lived in permanent settlements as they no longer had to move from place to place.

  10. Characteristics of Early Civilizations

  11. Cities and Government • Cities developed in river valleys where crops can be grown. • Governments set up to avoid chaos, making sure food was produced for everyone.

  12. Traditional Economy • Based on farming. • Skilled craftspeople.

  13. System of writing • Early writing was done with pictures (simple drawings).

  14. Job Specialization and Social Classes • People specialized in 1 job because you couldn’t master all of them. • People became ranked by their job.

  15. Art and Architecture • Temples and Palaces.

  16. Early River Valley Civilizations

  17. Egypt: • Geographic Setting: • Along the Nile River.

  18. Religion: • Polytheistic (many Gods).

  19. Government: • Pharaoh was ruler. Usually passed on to a family member. • Ruling families were called dynasties.

  20. Social Structure: • Pharaoh and family highest. • Bottom was peasant farmers and slaves. • Women had higher status than most in ancient times.

  21. Contributions: • Learned about human body. • Diagnose illnesses and performed surgery. • Calendar. • System of writing. • Temples and Pyramids.

  22. Mesopotamia

  23. Geographic Setting: • Fertile Crescent by Tigris and Euphrates.

  24. Religion: • Many powerful Gods and Goddesses closely tied to nature.

  25. Government: • Hereditary ruler who was seen as the chief servant of Gods.

  26. Social Structure: • Distinct social classes. • Highest was the ruling classes.

  27. Economy • Grew rich from trade. • Traders traveled along the river and over the desert.

  28. Contributions • 1st wheeled vehicle. • Irrigation systems. • Cuneiform. • Developed algebra and geometry.

  29. Significance of Code of Hammurabi: • 1st major collection of laws in history. • Favored higher classes. • Eye for an eye

  30. Indus River Valley • Geography: • Indian Subcontinent. • Surrounded in north by mountains, limiting contact. • Relied on monsoons to bring rain.

  31. Important Cities • Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro • Built with a grid like system with each city dominated by a structure on a hill.

  32. China • Geographic Setting: • River Valleys of the Huang He (Yellow) and Yangzi)

  33. Government • Clans controlled land. • Set up dynasties.

  34. Contributions • Written systems (pictographs)

  35. Classical Civilizations

  36. Mandate of Heaven • Right to rule by God. China and their dynasties.

  37. Asoka • Peaceful ruler of the Maurya dynasty. (India)

  38. Direct Democracy • People actually vote directly for laws.

  39. Hellenistic • Blending of cultures of Persia, Greece, India and Egypt.

  40. Republic • Officials chosen by the people to represent them and make decisions.

  41. Senate • Most powerful governing body of the Roman Republic.

  42. Patrician • Members of landholding upper class in Rome.

  43. Plebian • Most of the population in Rome (farmers, merchants, artisans, traders).

  44. Pax Romana • 200 year period of peace in Rome.

  45. Laws of 12 tables • Written laws demanded by Plebeians in Rome.

  46. Silk Road • Trade route connecting China and Mesopotamia.

  47. Ancient Chinese Civilizations

  48. How does a dynasty lose its Mandate of Heaven? • When things start happening or the government starts doing things that make people angry. • Examples include when they treat people unfairly, and they stop protecting people, so things like floods, earthquakes, peasant revolts happen.

  49. Contributions of China • Zhou dynasty: • how to make books, silk, accurate calendar. • Han Dynasty: • Paper out of wood pulp. • Wheelbarrow. • Rudder. • Anesthesia. • Texts in zoology, botany and chemistry.

  50. Who was Asoka? Why is he important? • He followed Buddhism, turning India to Buddhism when he was leader. • He united the diverse people of the empire.

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