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Chapter 12

Chapter 12. Appendicular muscles. Upper limb muscles to know and identify. Shoulder: Deltoid (sometimes referred as axial muscle). Upper arm (brachium): Biceps brachii, Triceps brachii, Brachialis, Brachioradialis. Upper arm. Forearm muscles. Lower limb muscles to know and identify.

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Chapter 12

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  1. Chapter 12 Appendicular muscles

  2. Upper limb muscles to know and identify • Shoulder: Deltoid (sometimes referred as axial muscle). • Upper arm (brachium): Biceps brachii, Triceps brachii, Brachialis, Brachioradialis

  3. Upper arm

  4. Forearm muscles

  5. Lower limb muscles to know and identify • Upper leg: Sartorius, Tensor fasciae latae, Adductor longus, Adductor magnus, Gracilis, Rectus femoris, Vastus lateralis, Vastus medialis, Biceps femoris, Semitendinosus, Semimembranosis. • Lower leg and calf: Tibialis anterior, Gastrocnemius, Soleus

  6. Quadriceps femoris group • Rectus femoris • Vastus medialis • Vastus lateralis • Vastus intermedius

  7. Hamstring muscle group • Biceps femoris • Semimembranosis • Semitendonosis

  8. Muscles of lower leg

  9. Appendicular muscles to know origin and insertion • Biceps brachii - Rectus femoris • Triceps brachii - Biceps femoris • Sartorius - Deltoid - Gastrocnemeus

  10. Biceps brachii • Origin: SH coracoid process; LH supraglenoid tubercle • Insertion: Radial tuberosity • Action: flex elbow and shoulder

  11. Triceps brachii • Origin: Lat H: Sup, lateral margin of humerus; LH: Infraglenoid tubercle; Med H: Post humerus • Insertion: Olecranon of ulna • Action: Extension at elbow

  12. Deltoid • Origin: Clavicle, scapula acromion and spine • Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus • Action: Abducts shoulder; flexion and rotation of humerus; extension and lateral rotation of humerus

  13. Rectus femoris (Quads) • Origin: Ant iliac spine and sup. margin acetabulum • Insertion: Patella and tibial tuberosity • Action: Extension of leg at knee; flex thigh at hip

  14. Sartorius • Origin: Ant, superior spine of ilium • Insertion: Medial aspect tibial tuberosity • Action: Flexes, abducts and laterally rotates thigh at hip; flexes knee

  15. Biceps femoris (Hamstrings) • Origin: LH: ischial tuberosity; SH: linea aspera of femur • Insertion: Head of fibula • Action: Flexes knee; extends hip; laterally rotates leg

  16. Gastrocnemius • Origin: Lateral condyle and popliteal surface of femur • Insertion: Calcaneus via achilles tendon • Action: Flexes knee and plantar flexion of foot

  17. Structures to know and identify • Tendons • Galea aponeurosis • Linea alba • Iliotibial tract • Calcaneal “achiles” tendon

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