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Understanding Chemical Reactions & Enzymes: Key Concepts and Mechanisms

Explore the fundamentals of chemical reactions, equilibrium, activation energy, catalysts, and enzymes. Learn how bonds break and form, the role of energy, and the impact of catalysts in speeding up reactions. Discover the vital functions of enzymes in living organisms and their sensitivity to temperature, salinity, and pH levels.

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Understanding Chemical Reactions & Enzymes: Key Concepts and Mechanisms

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  1. Chemical Reactions and Enzymes Chapter 2.4 and 2.5

  2. What is a Chemical Reaction? • When bonds break or form new substances are created. 6O2 + C6H12O6 6CO2 + 6H2O reactants products *Bond energy is needed to break the bonds needed to start the chemical reaction.

  3. What is Chemical Equilibrium? • When a reaction takes place at an equal rate in both directions. • [reactants] = [products]

  4. Chemical reactions release or absorb energy • Activation Energy- energy needed to start the reaction Two types of reactions: *Exothermic- releases more energy than it absorbs. *Endothermic- releases less energy than it absorbs.

  5. Activation Energy

  6. Endothermic v. Exothermic Energy absorbing- Endothermic Energy releasing- Exothermic Activation energy products Activation energy Reactants products Reactants

  7. What is a catalyst? • Catalysts speed up chemical reactions by lowering the amount of activation energy needed to get the reaction started. • In living things, catalysts are known as enzymes. • Most enzymes are special proteins. • http://www.lewport.wnyric.org/JWANAMAKER/animations/Enzyme%20activity.html

  8. Enzymes work best under specific conditions • Temperature, salinity and pH affect the activity and function of enzymes.

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