Reliability of IQ Tests

1. Reliability of IQ Tests • Reliability: • Problem before age 7. • For teenagers and adults, reliability is high.

2. Differences Based on Ethnic Groups • Yes!! • African American, European, Asian • In this order, low to high • Larger difference within ethnic groups!

3. The Psychometric Approach • States IQ has separate scored tests of abilities. Can you score low on one area and high on others?… important • Number sense • Reasoning • Verbal • Spatial • memory

4. The Psychometric Approach • Spearman’s g- and s-factors • g – “general intelligence” • If you do well on one section of an IQ test, you will more than likely do well on all other portions • Your overall IQ ability • s – “specific intelligence” • Skills you need to do well on a specific part of an IQ test, such as math or verbal comprehension • You can score high one part and low on other sections of an IQ test

5. The Psychometric Approach • Cattell: • Fluid intelligence • Solve new problems in confusion, without any prior knowledge or experience • Crystallized intelligence • Solve problems with prior knowledge and experience

6. Information-Processing Approach • What mental processes are involved in intelligent behavior? • Attention and memory

7. Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory of Intelligence • Analytic Intelligence • Measured by IQ tests • Creative Intelligence • Dealing with new problems • Practical Intelligence • Adapting to new environments (Social Situations) • Can do poorly on analytic IQ tests but do poorly when thrown into a social situation

8. Multiple Intelligences (Gardner) • Intrapersonal • Interpersonal • Naturalistic • Emotional • Linguistic • Logical-Mathematical • Spatial • Musical • Body-Kinesthetic

9. Creativity • Divergent thinking • Ability to see many different solutions to a problem • Convergent thinking • Ability to narrow down many different solutions to a problem