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Understanding Open vs Closed Circulatory Systems and the Components of Blood

This review explores the differences between open and closed circulatory systems, highlighting the efficiency of closed systems with a defined network of vessels. It delves into the four main components of blood—red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma—and the five steps of phagocytosis that help protect the body from infections. Additionally, we discuss the types of blood vessels, the structural differences between human and frog hearts, and how the circulatory system aids in maintaining homeostasis, including blood clotting mechanisms.

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Understanding Open vs Closed Circulatory Systems and the Components of Blood

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Test Review

  2. Open Vs. Closed Circulatory System

  3. Open Circulatory system • does not have a closed network of vessels • Mixes blood and body fluid • Closed Circulatory system • Has a closed network of vessels • More efficient

  4. What are the 4 main components of blood?

  5. Red Blood Cells – carry oxygen to the body tissues • White Blood Cells – use phagocytosis to fight infections and disease • Platelets – initiate blood clots • Plasma – liquid inside the blood vessels, transports the cells and nutrients/waste

  6. What are the 5 steps of phagocytosis?

  7. Engulfment by endocytosis • Formation of the phagosome • Phagosome/lysosome merger = phagolysosome • Killing and digestion • Exocytosis • Exception?

  8. Platelets • Initiate blood clots • Adhesion • Activation • Aggregation • Good & Bad blood clots • Aspirin?

  9. What are the 3 main types of blood vessels?

  10. Arteries • Carry blood Away from the heart • Veins • Carry blood to the Heart • Capillaries • Site of exchange between the blood vessels and body tissues

  11. Capillaries • Very small blood vessels • Blushing? • Easily broken • Bruising

  12. What is the difference between a human heart and a frog heart?

  13. Frog Hearts have 3 chambers while human hearts have 4 • What does this mean for the blood? • Which is more efficient?

  14. Systemic and Pulmonary circuit

  15. Systemic circuit leads to the body • Aorta • Superior and Inferior Vena Cava • Pulmonary circuit leads to the lungs • Pulmonary Arteries • Pulmonary Veins

  16. How does the heart pump blood?

  17. Diastole • Heart “at rest” while the atria fill with blood • Atria contract and push the blood into the ventricles • Systole • Ventricles contract and push the blood into the blood vessels to be transported to the lungs and body

  18. How does the circulatory system help the body maintain homeostasis?

  19. Preventing blood loss • Regulating internal temperature

  20. Bruising • Small capillaries are broken and begin bleeding • Platelets initiate clotting • The colours we see are the different types of cells involved in clotting

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