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U17 – Fitness Testing. Reasons for Assessments. A Functional screen can be used to assess competence in general dynamic movements. A Fitness assessment can identify general capacities of agility, endurance, flexibility, speed, strength and power, and relate these to body composition.
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Reasons for Assessments • A Functional screen can be used to assess competence in general dynamic movements. • A Fitness assessment can identify general capacities of agility, endurance, flexibility, speed, strength and power, and relate these to body composition. • Assessments are therefore used to; • Establish each player’s strengths, weaknesses and priorities for development • Help maximise the sports potential of each player • Monitor team/player fitness progress • Determine the effectiveness of the training programme • Monitor individual player response to training/playing • Ensure that a player is ‘fit to play’
Analysis and Interpretation • Meaningful changes should be highlighted • Compare percentage differences • Comparisons within positions may be useful • Compare results with benchmark data (see final slides) • Provide individual feedback to players in the form of a hard copy of their results • Realistic individual targets should be set for each player using their scores
Functional Movement • Used to scan general posture & review of previous injury • Exercises used to identify flexibility, mobility and / or stability issues • Exercises include overhead squat, in-line lunge, double hurdle-hops and active straight leg raise
In-Line Lunge Rationale The in line-lunge is a measure of lower limb balance and alignment, pelvic stability and spinal posture. Protocol Stand upright with hands on hips. Stride forward into a lunge position so that a 90 degree angle is created at both knee joints at the bottom of the lunge (i.e. forward shin is vertical, knee directly over ankle joint). As you lunge down, keep the spine tall. Return to standing. Check Point Criteria / Scoring • Hip-Knee-Ankle are in alignment. • 90 degree knee angle is achieved at both front and back legs. • Pelvis does not tilt laterally or over rotate. • Torso remains upright. • Balance is maintained.
Overhead Squat Rationale The Over Head Squat is used to assess bilateral, symmetrical and functional mobility of hips knees and ankles. In addition bilateral symmetrical mobility of the shoulders and thoracic spine are also assessed with this movement. Protocol Stand with feet hip width apart, toes can be pointed straight ahead or turned slightly out. Hold the dowel overhead to create a 90-degree angle of the elbows and shoulders and dowel. Press the dowel upward and extend the elbows over head in line with the athlete’s ears to a straight starting position. Once in the proper starting position descend slowly into a squat position as deep as you can go. Heels should remain in contact with the floor at all times. The feet should not move from their original position i.e. turn or slide outwards. The dowel should remain maximally pressed overhead in line with the ears at all times and the head and chest must face forward. Check Point Criteria / Scoring • Heels must remain in contact with the floor at all times. • The knees are aligned over the feet and the player achieves top of thigh parallel to the floor. • Pelvis maintained in neutral position throughout the movement. • The dowel is maximally pressed out throughout the whole movement and in-line with the ears. • Head and chest must face forward..
Recommendations for U-17s • The following tests are recommended for U-14s: • Physical (Height & Weight) • Functional Movt. (Overhead Squat/In-line lunge/Double hurdle hop) • Strength (Vertical Jump & Medicine Ball Throw) • Speed (10 & 20 m Sprint) • Agility (10 m T-Test) • Endurance (Multistage-Shuttle Test) • Flexibility (Sit & Reach Box) • * Each county can decide which tests they feel most appropriate. What is most important is the strategy that is put in place to effect change. • See resource information for Test Protocols
Summary • The initial assessment is used to establish the strengths, weaknesses, and priorities for development for each player, allowing an individualised programme to be prescribed. • This represents a baseline level and further evaluations allow the effectiveness of the individualised training programme to be determined. • Although sports performance is multifaceted, improvements in functional movement and physical fitness should facilitate enhanced performance during competition. • For any structured yearly training, the coach and sports physiologist should decide on and plan all testing dates in advance. Generally appropriate testing times are at the beginning and end of each training phase, allowing assessment of the effectiveness of each phase. The coach can then use this information to plan the next training phase at both the team and individual level.
