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Civil Rights & Anti-Apartheid Leaders

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Civil Rights & Anti-Apartheid Leaders

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  1. Civil Rights & Anti-Apartheid Leaders By: Bakie Goodman Mason Johnson

  2. Abraham Lincoln • 1863 -- President Lincoln issues Emancipation Proclamation freeing "all slaves in areas still in rebellion.“ • 1865 -- 13th Amendment, abolishing slavery, added to the Constitution. • Elected as 16th President of the USA. • Big advocator in ending slavery and for black’s rights. • Laid the foundation for the upcoming civil rights movement by first giving them their freedom by the Emancipation Proclamation.

  3. Harriet Tubman • 1850 -- Made her first trip on the underground rail road. • 1865 -- End of civil war, allowed to go back to her home. • Was an African-American abolitionist, humanitarian, and Union spy during the U.S. Civil War. • Partook in the Underground Rail Road and saved many of her people from slavery.

  4. Rosa Parks • 1955 -- Rosa Parks arrested December 1 1955 • 1955 -- Montgomery Bus Boycott begins • Was an African American civil rights activist. • Refused to move to the back of the bus to give up her seat for a white passenger. • Started a boycott and made the civil rights fight bigger.

  5. Malcolm X aka El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz • 1946 -- Begins serving 8-10 year prison sentence, and begins reading in prison. • 1948 -- Learns of the teachings of Elijah Muhammad • 1965 -- Shot and killed on February 21. • Was an African American Muslim minister, public speaker, and human rights activist. • Was the public face of the Nation of Islam for about a dozen years. • Made the Hajj, to Mecca and became a Sunni Muslim • Founded Muslim Mosque, Inc.

  6. Martin Luther King Jr • 1944 -- Begins attending college. • 1955 -- King earns his Ph.D. • 1955 -- Begins the Montgomery bus boycott. • 1956 -- Montgomery buses are desegregated. • 1957 -- Claims cover of Time magazine. • 1961 -- Meets with JFK to gain support for the civil rights movement. • 1963 -- “I Have a Dream” speech. • 1964 -- Meets Malcolm X • 1964 -- Wins the Nobel Peace Prize • 1968 -- Shot and killed while standing on the balcony of his motel

  7. Martin Luther King Jr • Was an American clergyman, activist and prominent leader in the African-American civil rights movement. • Lead the Montgomery Bus Boycott • Most famous speech was the “I have a dream speech” • Was the youngest person to receive Nobel Peace Prize in his efforts to end segregation by non-violent and civil means

  8. Jesse Jackson • 1984, 1988 -- A candidate for the Democratic presidential nomination • 1991 --> 1997 -- Was a shadow senator for the District of Columbia • Is an American civil rights activist and Baptist minister • Participated in the Slema to Montgomery marches with MLK • Founded Operation PUSH • One of the most recognized black politicians

  9. Oliver Tambo • 1943 -- along with Mandela and Walter Sisulu, was a founding member of the ANC Youth League • 1955 -- Became Secretary General of the ANC • 1985 -- he was re-elected President of the ANC • Was a South African anti-apartheid politician. • A central figure in the African National Congress. • Was voted 31st greatest South African of all time. • Helped Nelson Mandela become president and with other things.

  10. Helen Suzman • 1978 – Won the United Nations Human Rights Award • 1980 – Won the Medallion of Heroism • One of South Africa's famous members of Parliament. • fought for many years as the sole representative of the Progressive Federal Party. • Believes in the principles of democracy and equality for all.

  11. Nelson Mandela • 1939 -- Enrolls at the University College of Fort Hare • 1943 -- founds ANC • 1951 -- Elected President of the ANCYL. • 1956 -- Arrested and joins 155 others on trial for treason. All are acquitted. • 1960 -- The ANC is banned. • 1982 -- Sent to Pollsmoor Prison. • 1990 -- February 11 Released from prison.

  12. Nelson Mandela • Was the first President of South Africa to be elected in a fully representative democratic election. • Was an anti-apartheid activist. • Was the leader of the African National Congress's armed wing Umkhonto we Sizwe. • Lead the transition towards multi-racial democracy in South Africa. • Mandela has received more than one hundred awards over four decades

  13. Walter Sisulu • 1940 – Joined the ANC • 1991 -- Elected ANC deputy president • Was a South African anti-apartheid activist and member of the African National Congress. • Was a brilliant political net worker • Was awarded Isitwalandwe Seaparankoe, the highest honor granted by the ANC.

  14. Songs • Sister Rosa - The Neville Brothers • Biko - Peter Gabriel

  15. Works Citied Helen Suzman (nee Gavronsky). Jan. 2009. SAHO. 30 Jan. 2009 <http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/suzman-h.htm>. Boddy-Evans, Alistair. Helen Suzman. 2009. About.com. 30 Jan. 2009 <http://africanhistory.about.com/od/apartheideraleaders/a/bio-Suzman.htm>.Nelson Mandela Timeline. 2009. Memory. 30 Jan. 2009 <http://www.nelsonmandela.org/index.php/memory/views/chronology/>.Nelson Mandela. 16 Mar. 2008. Lifestyle Lounge. 30 Jan. 2009 <http://lifestyle.iloveindia.com/lounge/nelson-mandela-1312.html>.Walter Max Ulyate Sisulu. 2009. About.com. 30 Jan. 2009 <http://africanhistory.about.com/library/biographies/blbio-WalterSisulu.htm>.Benson, Mary.Chief Albert John Luthuli. 2008. SAHO. 30 Jan. 2009 <http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/chronology/special-chrono/people/luthuli.html>.Oliver Tambo. 2008. SAHO. 30 Jan. 2009 <http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/tambo,o.htm>.An Overview of Abraham Lincoln's Life. 29 Dec. 1996. Abraham Lincoln Research Site. 29 Jan. 2009 <http://home.att.net/~rjnorton/Lincoln77.html>.Abraham Lincoln. 22 Nov. 2003. Historical Times Encyclopedia of the Civil War. 29 Jan. 2009. <http://www.civilwarhome.com/lincolnbio.htm>.Rosa Louise Parks Biography. 2008. Rosa and Raymond Parks Institute For Self Development. 28 Jan. 2009 <http://www.rosaparks.org/bio.html>.Rosa Parks. 2008. Answers.com. 28 Jan. 2009 <http://www.answers.com/topic/rosa-parks>.Jesse Jackson Biography. 2007. Notable Biographies. 29 Jan. 2009 <http://www.notablebiographies.com/Ho-Jo/Jackson-Jesse.html>.Civil Rights-Era Leaders: Jesse Jackson. 18 Jan. 2009. Finding Dulcinea. 29 Jan. 2009 <http://www.notablebiographies.com/Ho-Jo/Jackson-Jesse.html>.Harriet Tubman. 28 Apr. 2008. Women In History. 28 Jan. 2009 <http://www.lkwdpl.org/wihohio/tubm-har.htm>.Harriet Tubman. 20 Feb. 2008. New York History Net. 28 Jan. 2009 <http://www.nyhistory.com/harriettubman/life.htm>.Malcolm X Biography. 2007. Notable Biographies. 29 Jan. 2009 <http://www.notablebiographies.com/Lo-Ma/Malcolm-X.html>.Malcolm X. 2008. Answers.com 29 Jan. 2009 <http://www.answers.com/topic/malcolm-x>.McElrath, Jessica. Martin Luther King Jr. 2009. About.com. 28 Jan. 2009 <http://afroamhistory.about.com/cs/martinlutherking/a/bio_mlk.htm>.Martin Luther King, Jr. 2008. GALE. 28 Jan. 2009 <http://www.gale.cengage.com/free_resources/bhm/bio/king_m.htm>.McElrath, Jessica. Martin Luther King Jr. Timeline. 2009. About.com. 28 Jan. 2009 <http://afroamhistory.about.com/cs/martinlutherking/a/timeline_mlk.htm>.