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Blood

Blood. Components of Blood. Whole blood Red Blood Cells : Transport O2 to cells White Blood Cells: Fight pathogens Platelets: aid in clotting Plasma 90% water (solvent) Solutes: Amino acids, glucose, hormones, vitamins, salts, waste, antibodies. ABO Blood Groups. Antigens:

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Blood

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  1. Blood

  2. Components of Blood • Whole blood • Red Blood Cells: Transport O2 to cells • White Blood Cells: Fight pathogens • Platelets: aid in clotting • Plasma • 90% water (solvent) • Solutes: Amino acids, glucose, hormones, vitamins, salts, waste, antibodies

  3. ABO Blood Groups • Antigens: • Proteins that help identify cells as foreign or natural • Analogy: Antigens are like jerseys • Antibodies: • Float freely in plasma • attack anything with foreign antigens

  4. What would happen if a virus with B antigens entered your blood? Your B antibodies will attack and kill this virus. Group A blood Vein • RBC’s have the A antigens on their surface • B antibodies in your plasma • only attack invaders with B antigens B antibody B antibody B antibody B antibody

  5. Key Point:Antibodies attack antigens

  6. Your B antibodies will attack, and cause clots to form. This person will die. What would happen if you gave this person type B blood? Group A blood Vein • RBC’s have the A antigens on their surface • B antibodies in your plasma • only attack invaders with B antigens B antibody B antibody B antibody B antibody

  7. Key Point:Antibodies attack antigens

  8. What would happen if a virus with A antigens invaded your blood? The A antibodies would attack and kill the virus. Group B blood Vein • RBC’s have B antigens on their surface • A antibodies in your blood plasma • only attack invaders with A antigens A antibody A antibody A antibody A antibody

  9. Key Point:Antibodies attack antigens

  10. Their A antibodies would attack the donated blood, causing blood clots. This person would die. What would happen if this person was given type A blood during a transfusion? Group B blood Vein A antibody • RBC’s have B antigens on their surface • A antibodies in your blood plasma • only attack invaders with A antigens A antibody A antibody A antibody

  11. Key Point:Antibodies attack antigens

  12. What would happen if this person was invaded by the viruses below? They do not have antibodies to attack these viruses. Group AB blood Vein • RBC’s have both A & B antigens on their surface • Neither A or B antibodies in your blood plasma Can you predict the antibodies they will have?

  13. Nothing bad would happen. They have no antibodies to attack this blood. Nothing bad would happen. They have no antibodies to attack this blood. What would happen if you gave this person type B blood? What would happen if you gave this person type A blood? Group AB blood Vein • RBC’s have both A & B antigens on their surface • Neither A or B antibodies in your blood plasma

  14. The antibodies would attack and kill the viruses. What would happen if this person was invaded by the viruses below? Group O blood Vein • Neither A or B antigens on the surface of your RBCs • Both A & B antibodies in your plasma • will attack invaders with A or B antigens A antibody A antibody B antibody B antibody Can you predict the antibodies they will have?

  15. Key Point:Antibodies attack antigens

  16. The A antibodies will attack, causing blood clots. This person will die. What would happen if you gave this person type A blood? Group O blood Vein • Neither A or B antigens on the surface of your RBCs • Both A & B antibodies in your plasma • will attack invaders with A or B antigens A antibody A antibody B antibody B antibody

  17. Key Point:Antibodies attack antigens

  18. The B antibodies will attack, causing blood clots. This person will die. What would happen if you gave this person type B blood? Group O blood Vein • Neither A or B antigens on the surface of your RBCs • Both A & B antibodies in your plasma • will attack invaders with A or B antigens A antibody A antibody B antibody B antibody

  19. Key Point:Antibodies attack antigens

  20. Both the A and B antibodies will attack, causing blood clots. This person will die. What would happen if you gave this person type AB blood? Group O blood Vein • Neither A or B antigens on the surface of your RBCs • Both A & B antibodies in your plasma • will attack invaders with A or B antigens A antibody A antibody B antibody B antibody

  21. Key Point:Antibodies attack antigens

  22. If you have type A blood, can you receive: Type A blood? Type B blood? Type AB blood? Type O blood? Yes No No Yes B antibodies will attack any blood with B antigens.

  23. If you have type B blood, can you receive: Type B blood? Type A blood? Type AB blood? Type O blood? Yes No No Yes A antibodies will attack any blood with A antigens.

  24. If you have type AB blood, can you receive: Type AB blood? Type A blood? Type B blood? Type O blood? Yes Yes Yes Yes They have neither A nor B antibodies.

  25. If you have type O blood, can you receive: Type O blood? Type A blood? Type B blood? Type AB blood? Yes No No No A antibodies will attack any blood with A antigens. B antibodies will attack any blood with B antigens.

  26. Rh Antigen • Positive (+) • Cells have the Rh antigen • Blood doesn’t contain Rh antibody • Negative (-) • Cells lack the Rh antigen • Blood contains Rh antibody

  27. Practice problem Blood type B+ Which antigens does this person have? A B Rh Which antibodies does this person have? A B Rh

  28. Practice problem Blood type AB+ Which antigens does this person have? A B Rh Which antibodies does this person have? A B Rh

  29. Practice problem Blood type O+ Which antigens does this person have? A B Rh Which antibodies does this person have? A B Rh

  30. Practice problem Blood type AB- Which antigens does this person have? A B Rh Which antibodies does this person have? A B Rh

  31. Practice problem Blood type O- Which antigens does this person have? A B Rh Which antibodies does this person have? A B Rh

  32. Francis was just in a bad accident and lost a lot of blood. He is blood type B+. Can you help save him?

  33. Blood type B+ Antigens: Which does he have? A B Rh Antibodies: Which does he have? A B Rh

  34. Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens. If he is given B+ blood in a transfusion… Key Point: A antibodies only attack A antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? No. Can he receive B+ blood? Yes. Vein A antibody A antibody A antibody

  35. Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens. If he is given B- blood in a transfusion… Key Point: A antibodies only attack A antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? No. Can he receive B- blood? Yes. Vein A antibody A antibody A antibody

  36. Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens. If he is given A+ blood in a transfusion… Key Point: A antibodies only attack A antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. Can he receive A+ blood? No. Agglutination: clumping of the blood Vein A antibody A antibody A antibody

  37. Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens. If he is given A- blood in a transfusion… Key Point: A antibodies only attack A antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. Can he receive A- blood? No. Agglutination: clumping of the blood Vein A antibody A antibody A antibody

  38. Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens. If he is given AB+ blood in a transfusion… Key Point: A antibodies only attack A antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. Can he receive AB+ blood? No. Agglutination: clumping of the blood Vein A antibody A antibody A antibody

  39. Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens. If he is given AB- blood in a transfusion… Key Point: A antibodies only attack A antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. Can he receive AB- blood? No. Agglutination: clumping of the blood Vein A antibody A antibody A antibody

  40. Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens. If he is given O+ blood in a transfusion… Key Point: A antibodies only attack A antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? No. Can he receive O+ blood? Yes. Vein A antibody A antibody A antibody

  41. Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens. If he is given O- blood in a transfusion… Key Point: A antibodies only attack A antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? No. Can he receive O- blood? Yes. Vein A antibody A antibody A antibody

  42. Sebastian was just involved in an accident at work and lost a lot of blood. He is blood type A-. Can you help save him?

  43. Blood type A- Antigens: Which does he have? A B Rh Antibodies: Which does he have? A B Rh

  44. Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen. If he is given A- blood in a transfusion… Key Point: B antibodies attack B antigens Rh antibodies attack Rh antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? No. Can he receive A- blood? Yes. Vein B antibody Rh antibody Rh antibody B antibody B antibody Rh antibody

  45. Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen. If he is given A+ blood in a transfusion… Key Point: B antibodies attack B antigens Rh antibodies attack Rh antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. But only the Rh antibodies will attack. Can he receive A+ blood? No. Vein B antibody Rh antibody Rh antibody B antibody B antibody Rh antibody

  46. Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen. If he is given B- blood in a transfusion… Key Point: B antibodies attack B antigens Rh antibodies attack Rh antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. But only the B antibodies will attack. Can he receive B- blood? No. Vein B antibody Rh antibody Rh antibody B antibody B antibody Rh antibody

  47. Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen. If he is given B+ blood in a transfusion… Key Point: B antibodies attack B antigens Rh antibodies attack Rh antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. Can he receive B+ blood? No. Vein B antibody Rh antibody Rh antibody B antibody B antibody Rh antibody

  48. Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen. If he is given AB- blood in a transfusion… Key Point: B antibodies attack B antigens Rh antibodies attack Rh antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. But only the B antibodies attack. Can he receive AB- blood? No. Vein B antibody Rh antibody Rh antibody B antibody B antibody Rh antibody

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