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Overview of Abdominal Cavity Anatomy and Liver Functions

This comprehensive summary delves into the anatomy of the abdominal cavity, encompassing key elements such as the peritoneum, mesentery, and various organs including intraperitoneal and retroperitoneal structures. It highlights liver functions, including metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, as well as detoxification and storage abilities. The histology section examines the liver's structure and fundamental processes, including bilirubin metabolism and haematopoiesis. Additionally, it addresses jaundice causes and details key liver function tests.

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Overview of Abdominal Cavity Anatomy and Liver Functions

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  1. Vincent is off colour

  2. Case Summary

  3. Anatomy - abdominal cavity • Peritoneum • Mesentery • Intraperitoneal organs • Retroperiotoneal organs

  4. Anatomy – anterior abdo wall

  5. Anatomy of the liver

  6. Basic embryology of the GIT

  7. Anatomy - abdominal cavity

  8. Functions of the liver • Metabolism • Carbs • Proteins • Fats • Hormones • Detoxification of drugs, toxins, waste products • Storage of glycogen, iron and vitamins • Production of plasma proteins and clotting factors • Bile formation / RBC turnover • Haematopoiesis (foetal) • Immunological (reticuloendothelial cells) • Vitamin D activation • Storage of blood

  9. Histology of the liver

  10. Histology of the liver

  11. Histology quiz • Draw a classic hepatic lobule • Draw a hepatic acinusand briefly outline the zones • What are the 3 different surfaces of hepatocytes? • What is contained in a portal tract? • Outline how blood from the systemic circulation gets to the hepatic lobule/acinus • Outline how blood from the portal circulation gets to the hepatic lobule/acinus • Outline how blood leaves the hepatic lobule and returns to the heart? • Outline the flow of bile from the liver lobule

  12. Histology of the liver

  13. Histology of the liver http://www.ouhsc.edu/histology/

  14. Histology of the liver http://www.medicalschoolpathology.com/

  15. Bilirubin metabolism • Senescent RBCs (~120 days lifespan) rupture and the released haemoglobin is metabolised by tissue macrophages • Team of 2 to draw a diagram of bilirubin metabolism / haem catabolism

  16. Jaundice • What is it? • What else is it called? • What are the causes?

  17. Jaundice • What is it? • What else is it called? • What are the causes?

  18. LFT’s • ALT • AST • ALP • GGT

  19. Viruses

  20. Antivirals

  21. Hepatitis

  22. Hepatitis viral serology

  23. Notifiable diseases

  24. Surface anatomy - abdomen

  25. Examination of the gastrointestinal system

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