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immunization

immunization. م.م زيد وحيد عاجل. Immunity : The ability to destroy a particular antigen, it is may be inherited (natural) or acquired (artificial). Natural immunity: Resistance to infection or toxicity. Acquired immunity: Exposure to invading agents, either from bacteria, virus, or toxin.

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immunization

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  1. immunization م.م زيد وحيد عاجل

  2. Immunity: The ability to destroy a particular antigen, it is may be inherited (natural) or acquired (artificial). Natural immunity: Resistance to infection or toxicity. Acquired immunity: Exposure to invading agents, either from bacteria, virus, or toxin. Active immunity: Production of antibodies against specific antigens, either naturally by having a disease or artificially by introducing the antigen in the body. Passive immunity: Temporary immunity by transfusing (immunoglobulin or antitoxin) artificially either from serum of human or animal, or naturally from mother to fetus by placenta.

  3. Antibody: A protein found in serum formed from exposure to antigen. Antigen: Foreign substances (bacteria, virus, toxin, foreign protein) stimulate antibodies formation. Immunization: The process of inducing active or passive immunity artificially by administering an immunobiologic. Immunobiologic: Antigen substances (vaccine or toxoid) or antibodies containing preparation (globulins or antitoxoid) from human or animal, used for active or passive immunization. Vaccination: Inoculation with vaccina small pox virus to make a person immunity to small pox.

  4. Vaccine: A suspension of live (attenuated) or inactivated or fraction of microorganisms administered to induced immunity. Attenuate: Reduce virulence (infectiousness) organism by treating it with heat or chemical it on certain media. Toxoid: Modified bacterial toxin that has been not toxic but has the ability to stimulate antitoxin formation. Antitoxin: A solution of antibodies from animals` serum immunized with antigen (passive immunity). Immune globulin: A solution of antibodies from humans` blood plasma (passive immunity & immunodeficiency person).

  5. What Are Some Complications ofVaccinations?Mild Reactions: • Inject able vaccines can cause localized pain, • redness and swelling at the site of the injection. • Fevers usually go away in 1-2 days. • Fussiness • Tiredness • Loss of appetite • Drowsiness • Mild, temporary vomiting or diarrhea within the • first week of getting rotavirus.

  6. Serious Complications: • Serious allergic reactions or anaphylaxis – extremely rare; occur within a few minutes to a few hours after the shot. • Long-term seizures, coma, lowered consciousness, and permanent brain damage after DTaP– very rare • Guillain Barre Syndrome –vaccines containing the tetanus toxoid (DTaP, Td,Tdap), mengicoccal vaccine – paralysis – very rare

  7. Precautions • Severe or Moderately Severe Illness – wait until the child is better • Pregnancy or Possibility of Pregnancy – contraindicated live vaccines like Varivax, MMR, LAIV • Immunocompromised Persons – with AIDS, those on prolonged steroids, those on chemotherapy, those with cancer, those with agammaglobulinemia or other defects of immunity – discuss with provider. • Past History of Moderate to Severe Reactions to Vaccines or Any of Its Components • Past History of Intussusceptions - on the infant about to get Rotavirus

  8. Thank you for your listen

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