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ARM Architecture

ARM Architecture. Arm Architecture. Group 17: Amber Luu, Paul Lewis. Overview. What does ARM stand for? Who created it The RISC approach Difference from other CPUs Current uses New applications Raspberry Pi Future uses Final Remarks Resources.

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ARM Architecture

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  1. ARM Architecture Arm Architecture. Group 17: Amber Luu, Paul Lewis

  2. Overview • What does ARM stand for? • Who created it • The RISC approach • Difference from other CPUs • Current uses • New applications • Raspberry Pi • Future uses • Final Remarks • Resources Arm Architecture. Group 17: Amber Luu, Paul Lewis

  3. ARM • ARM stands for Advanced RISC Machine • Reduced Instruction Set Computer • Originally Acorn RISC Machine • Acorn- British computer company • ARM architecture describes a family of computer processors designed in accordance with a RISC CPU design Arm Architecture. Group 17: Amber Luu, Paul Lewis

  4. Who Created It? • Developed by the advanced research and development team at Acorn Computers • Was one of the leading names in British personal computer market • At the time it was considered to be the British version of Apple • Originally conceived for use in their personal computers. Arm Architecture. Group 17: Amber Luu, Paul Lewis

  5. Rethinking Their Approach • Their original architecture worked great until IBM started building much more powerful computers. • They tried many different designs but none were suitable for a graphics based user interface. • After reading about the Berkeley RISC project, they decided that if a class of graduate students could create a competitive processor, they could too. Arm Architecture. Group 17: Amber Luu, Paul Lewis

  6. The RISC Approach • The official Acorn RISC Machine project started in October 1983 • The core ARM processor requires significantly fewer transistors than processors that would typically be found in a traditional computer. • Benefits include: • Lower costs • Less heat • Less power usage Arm Architecture. Group 17: Amber Luu, Paul Lewis

  7. Acorn No More • The company was incorporated in 1990, the acronym was changed to stand for "Advanced RISC Machines." • Then, at the time of the IPO in 1998, the company name was changed to "ARM Holdings." Arm Architecture. Group 17: Amber Luu, Paul Lewis

  8. Difference From Other CPUs • Marketing and Production • ARM itself doesn't make chips - it licenses the IP needed to make ARM-based processors. • This lets Samsung, Qualcomm, Nvidia and up to 15 other outfits to bring in their own tech and that of third parties to create a product tailored for an application. • Instead of AMD and Intel where they create a one-size-fits-all chip designed and manufactured by a single company. Arm Architecture. Group 17: Amber Luu, Paul Lewis

  9. Current Usage • In 2011, ARM's customers reported 7.9 billion ARM processors shipped, representing: • 95% of smartphones • 90% of hard disk drives • 40% of digital televisions and set-top boxes • 15% of microcontrollers • 20% of mobile computers Arm Architecture. Group 17: Amber Luu, Paul Lewis

  10. You Have Probably Used One Today • Most notable current uses: • Apple iPad / iPhone • Microsoft Surface • ASUS Eee Transformer • Nintendo DS • TomTom Arm Architecture. Group 17: Amber Luu, Paul Lewis

  11. What Does This Mean For You? • Increased competition for leading chip manufacturers. • With how easily they can be custom designed, there will be more and more options for people who want them as they become more powerful. • Best example: • Raspberry Pi Arm Architecture. Group 17: Amber Luu, Paul Lewis

  12. Raspberry Pi • Credit card sized computer • Weighs 45g • Invented to encourage a new generation of young people to get into computing • Plugs into TV or monitor • 512MB RAM, HDMI, SD, • LAN, 2 USB, Audio, • RCA Video, GPIO • Runs Debian/Arch/etc. • Cost $25 or $35 Arm Architecture. Group 17: Amber Luu, Paul Lewis

  13. What Can You Do With It? • Make a HTPC • Can play 1080p video • Create a fully functional SNES emulator • Mini webserver Arm Architecture. Group 17: Amber Luu, Paul Lewis

  14. Growing Support • Apple to dump Intel? • Apple engineers are becoming confident that the ARM chip design they use for iPhones/iPads will become powerful enough for PCs. • Most major Linux distros support it. • Google added ARM support to Chrome's Native Client. Arm Architecture. Group 17: Amber Luu, Paul Lewis

  15. The Next Generation • Cortex-A-50 series • Energy-efficient 64-bit processing technology. • Will provide performance up to three times that of today's superphones without increasing power usage. Arm Architecture. Group 17: Amber Luu, Paul Lewis

  16. Final Remarks • Will it ever replace AMD or Intel? • Emerging use in servers. • The usefulness of the Raspberry Pi project. Arm Architecture. Group 17: Amber Luu, Paul Lewis

  17. Resources Atack, C, Someren A. (1993). The ARM RISC Chip: A Programmers' Guide. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company. Jan 11, 2013. Raspberry Pi. http://www.raspberrypi.org. Jan 18, 2013. ARM The Architecture for the Digital World. http://www.arm.com/products/processors/cortex-a50/ October 30, 2012. ARM's 2014 processors will blow today's smartphone chips away, with 3x the performance or 1/4 the battery drain. http://www.theverge.com/2012/10/30/3576560/arm-cortex-a57-cortex-a53-cpu-core Arm Architecture. Group 17: Amber Luu, Paul Lewis

  18. ARM Architecture Arm Architecture: Amber Luu, Paul Lewis

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