M2: HK Today Socio-political participation Form 4 LS 2012-2013

1. M2: HK Today Socio-political participation Form 4 LS 2012-2013

2. Socio-political participation • Definition: • Social participation: involvement of members of society in all aspects of affairs (including economic, environmental, political and cultural) of their society. • Political participation: aimed at affecting public affairs or decision-making • 3 major forms (Book 2 , p. 10-11) • On one’s own accord (i.e. individual cases like Ah Bun’s request for euthanasia) • Collective action (e.g. marches, signature campaigns and Internet communities) • Giving support (e.g. voting)

7. 50萬人反對23條

8. 「喺咁艱難情況下，喺中國土地上做到公投，有超過50萬人投票，算係一個幾好嘅數字，政府必須回應。」她形容昨日是03年50萬人7.1遊行以來，最大規模的一次民主動員。「喺咁艱難情況下，喺中國土地上做到公投，有超過50萬人投票，算係一個幾好嘅數字，政府必須回應。」她形容昨日是03年50萬人7.1遊行以來，最大規模的一次民主動員。 蘋果日報 2010-05-17

9. Civil participation Scopeof participation Voluntary Individual VS Collective Politics Traditional VS Cyber Economics Culture Policy Making Management Society Execution Declaration Community Observation Country/ Society District Region Level of participation Neigbhourhood Extent of participation 莫基泰。《公民參與：社會政策的基石》。香港：中華書局，1995，頁4至8。

10. Characteristics of civil political participation:

11. Characteristics of civil political participation:

13. Activity 2 Compare 2003 July 1 mass demonstration, 2010 by-election, 2009 Choi Yuen Village Demolition • 2003 年大事回顧 Part 3 (2:35- 9:05) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rf1eIKV2vYY • 2010年香港大事回顧 3/4 (2:17-3:48) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kee9PiNGlNk 菜園之歌 -- 菜園村千人合唱 Song of Choi yuen village • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kYZ7LDRzFrs

15. 2009 July 1 March What are their appeal? What are the concerns of Hong Kong People? 七一上街去 @ 鏗鏘集2009-07-06 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cViucd-LLoE http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tn9TYBY9CrA

16. What is civil society? • It refers to the sphere of society that lies between the government and the marketplace. State - exercise governmental authority Civil Society Market • non-governmental • non-profit - profits go to individuals

17. Table: Characteristics of the Sectors (Optional)

18. Constituents of civil society

19. In the 2000 Policy Address, the Chief Executive pledged to work with voluntary associations in Hong Kong to develop a vibrant “third sector”, which “can often find solutions to social problems that appear intractable (disobedient) to both the market and the Government.”

20. Government responses:1. Institutionalized responses • Law/rule making • Resources allocation planned in budget • Public consultation • Advisory and statutory bodies

21. 「環珠」諮詢太短 恐埋管治炸彈 • 真是難以相信，「環珠江口宜居灣區建設重點行動計劃」（下稱「環珠」）的公眾諮詢已經結束了。這份計劃由粵港澳3地政府聯合規劃，涉及約1.55萬平方公 里的土地山河、2,500萬人的生活；而且很可能被寫入「十二五」國家規劃。但扣除假期和周末，9年規劃的實際官方諮詢期只有18個工作天 香港經濟日報，2011年02月11日

22. Activity 3 (2) According to Source 2, why do civil society organizations in Hong Kong usually use an unconventional way (e.g. protest, strike, judicial review) to express their opinion? Suggest a way to improve the condition.

23. Expressing demands – do radical actions means greater influence?

24. Public engagement • Open and inclusive policy making • Openness means providing citizens with information and making the policy process accessible and responsive. • Inclusion means including as wide a variety of citizens’ voices in the policy making process as possible.

25. Government responses:2. non-Institutionalized responses • Meeting with relevant interest groups • Having dialogues with the public through mass media 2/2011, 总理温家宝接受中国政府网、新华网联合专访，与广大网友在线交流。

26. After XRL conflict…Facebook!? 運輸及房屋局昨首次設立網上討論，同時讓網民在 facebook 內發表意見，卻是一場政治騷。市民只能一邊聽局長鄭汝樺與學者討論，另一邊在當局的 facebook留言，但卻得不到回應，激起大批網民不滿，二千多條留言中，批評的佔大多數，不少網民批評當局「真獨裁，假諮詢」、「唔知個醜字點寫」、 「做騷浪費時間」、「根本是政府的一場鬧劇」。 蘋果日報 2010-02-07

27. Effective communication between state and civil society helps… • Decision on priorities in resource allocation • Effectiveness and efficiency of policy implementation • Legitimacy of government

28. Questions to Ponder • What are the factors affect socio-political participations? (Hint: political, social, cultural aspects)

29. Political • In general, Hong Kong’s political culture is rational, mild and practical. • People usually participate in socio-political affairs through peaceful and rational means. • But nowadays, it gradually changed to a more radical, proactive means.

30. Social • Ethnicity: mostly Chinese • Gender: Both men and women in HK have equal opportunities. (yet, the Legco and district councils are still dominated by male councilors) • Age: elderly, middle-aged, young people (post-80s, post-90s) • Wealth / resources: rich people are influential • Social cohesion and sense of belonging • Educational level (knowledge) / curriculum (civic education) : in general, people with higher levels of education are more concerned about politics.

31. Mass Media • Flow of news and information flow (fast, free) • Credibility of mass media • Degree of freedom of the press and information / censorship • Level of involvement and the stance of the media on different events • Social media (youtube / blog / facebook)

32. Factors affecting participation

34. As Hong Kong people seldom take any action attempting to change the current situation, some comment Hong Kong people as political apathetic. To what extent do you agree on it?

35. Political participation of Hong Kong people:

36. Q&As