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Understanding Fugue: The Art of Polyphonic Composition in the Baroque Era

Explore the intricate world of fugue, a hallmark of Baroque music characterized by polyphonic composition based on a single main theme, known as the subject. Learn how vocal and instrumental music intertwine through various voice parts—soprano, alto, tenor, and bass—creating a rich tapestry of sound. Delve into the concepts of episodes and the interplay of subjects and decorations. This guide will enhance your listening experience as you recognize the thematic developments and complexities in fugues, including Bach's renowned works.

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Understanding Fugue: The Art of Polyphonic Composition in the Baroque Era

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  1. Baroque EraCh 4 Fugue

  2. Fugue Instrumental or vocal music polyphonic composition based on only one main theme (subject) Voice parts used to designate lines (top=soprano; bottom=bass) 3-voice, 4-voice, 5-voice, etc. Subject = recurring main melody unity Episode = non-subject music contrast

  3. Voices continue as “decoration.” Subject alone insoprano Subject inalto Subject intenor Subject inbass Picture this fugue: Episode Helps: Connect KamienKamien Text Listening Guide

  4. Episode Episode Episode Episode Episodes = digressions, “musical wanderings,” between reappearances of the subject.

  5. Fugue After all voices present the subject, it may reappear in any voice. Listen to the excerpts below.Which voice has the subject? Upper? Lower?Which voice has the Decoration? Upper? Lower? Easy A bit harder Tricky! DecorationSubject Subject Decoration DecorationSubject DecorationSubject Decoration SubjectSubject Decoration

  6. Listening Summary Bach Organ Fugue in G Minor Fugue I= 4-voice polyphony Helps: Connect KamienKamien Text Listening Guide

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