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DO NOW

DO NOW. What is homeostasis?? Can you name any systems of the body? Do you know how those systems are organized?. Direct and Control processes by taking electrical signals to and from brain. Supports and connects ex: bone, fat. Covers and protects surfaces ex: your skin.

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DO NOW

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  1. DO NOW • What is homeostasis?? • Can you name any systems of the body? Do you know how those systems are organized?

  2. Direct and Control processes by taking electrical signals to and from brain Supports and connects ex: bone, fat Covers and protects surfaces ex: your skin Can contract or shorten to make body parts move

  3. http://www.slideshare.net/allsaintsscience/8th-gradech1-sec-1-body-organization-homeostasis-2881629http://www.slideshare.net/allsaintsscience/8th-gradech1-sec-1-body-organization-homeostasis-2881629

  4. Section 2 – The Skeletal System

  5. Shape and Support • Your backbone/vertebral column is the center of the skeleton. • Made of 26 small bones called “vertebrae” • Allows you to bend / twist

  6. Movement and Protection

  7. Production and Storage of Substances

  8. Joints of the Skeleton • What is a joint? • A joint is a place in the body where two bones come together. They allow bones to move in different ways

  9. Types of Joints

  10. Types of Joints • Hinge • Ex: knee and elbow • Ball-and-socket • Ex: shoulder and hips • Pivot • Ex: neck turn side to side • Gliding • Ex: wrist and ankle - bend and flex and move a little bit side to side • http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/body/factfiles/joints/ellipsoidal_joint.shtml

  11. Bones vs. Skeleton • Skeletons are dead dried up bodies • Bones are living structures that grow and develop

  12. Bone Structure • Outer membrane • nerves and blood vessels enter and leave through • Compact Bone • Hard and dense , but not solid • Spongy bone • Small spaces like a sponge….lightweight but strong • Marrow • See pg 17

  13. Bone Growth • Bones are alive and growing and repairing themselves all the time • When you were little, you had a lot of cartilage, but it was replaced by bone. Usually this stops by the time you are done growing.

  14. Taking Care of your Bones • 1. Diet • Bones need calcium and phosphorus • (found in meats, whole grains, leafy green vegetables) • 2. Exercise • Your bones need to stay strong and dense • do weight bearing activities like running, dancing, etc.

  15. Osteoporosis • Bones begin to lose minerals, and then they become weak and break easily • Most often, fractures occur most often in hip, spine, and wrist

  16. How can you prevent Osteoporosis • Exercise regularly throughout your life and eat plenty of calcium--especially

  17. Homework: • Page 19 Section assessment

  18. DO NOW • Discover Activity pg 20

  19. Section 3 – Diagnosing Bone and Joint Injuries * 3 common skeletal injuries * 1. Fracture 2. Dislocation 3. Sprain

  20. Fracture • Break in a bone • Simple Bone might be cracked or completely broken • Compound broken ends of bone stick out through the skin

  21. Dislocation • End of a bone comes out of its joint

  22. Sprain • Ligaments are stretched too far and tear in places • Common in ankle

  23. Identifying Injuries

  24. X-RAYS • Pg 21 • X-ray = form of energy that travels in waves, like light • Need lead apron to protect organs from unnecessary exposure • pass through soft tissue but not bone • Can only be used to view bone • Can damage cells

  25. MRI’S

  26. TREATING INJURIES • Joint Replacements • Arthroscopy

  27. Joint Replacement • Can replace hips, knees, shoulders, fingers, and wrists with artificial ones • Often needed by people with arthritis (disease of the joints that makes movement painful)

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