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Descriptive Statistics

ellerbee avatar
ellerbee
20 diapositives · 304 Views · Jan 03, 2020

Explore accidental deaths in the USA in 2002 through pie charts, Pareto charts, scatter plots, and time series charts, revealing patterns and trends in various categories.

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Descriptive Statistics
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  1. Chapter 2 Descriptive Statistics

  2. More Graphs and Displays § 2.2

  3. Pie Chart A piechart is a circle that is divided into sectors that represent categories. The area of each sector is proportional to the frequency of each category. Accidental Deaths in the USA in 2002 (Source: US Dept. of Transportation) Continued.

  4. Pie Chart To create a pie chart for the data, find the relative frequency (percent) of each category. n = 75,200 Continued.

  5. Pie Chart Next, find the central angle. To find the central angle, multiply the relative frequency by 360°. Continued.

  6. Pie Chart Firearms 1.9% Ingestion 3.9% Fire 5.6% Drowning 6.1% Poison 8.5% Motor vehicles 57.8% Falls 16.2%

  7. Pareto Chart A Pareto chart is a vertical bar graph is which the height of each bar represents the frequency. The bars are placed in order of decreasing height, with the tallest bar to the left. Accidental Deaths in the USA in 2002 (Source: US Dept. of Transportation) Continued.

  8. Ingestion of Food/Object Pareto Chart Accidental Deaths 45000 40000 35000 30000 25000 20000 15000 10000 Poison 5000 MotorVehicles Firearms Falls Poison Drowning Fire

  9. Scatter Plot When each entry in one data set corresponds to an entry in another data set, the sets are called paired data sets. In a scatter plot, the ordered pairs are graphed as points in a coordinate plane. The scatter plot is used to show the relationship between two quantitative variables. The following scatter plot represents the relationship between the number of absences from a class during the semester and the final grade. Continued.

  10. Absences Grade Final grade (y) 100 x 8 2 5 12 15 9 6 y 78 92 90 58 43 74 81 90 80 70 60 50 40 Absences (x) 16 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Scatter Plot From the scatter plot, you can see that as the number of absences increases, the final grade tends to decrease.

  11. Making a Scatter plot

  12. Times Series Chart A data set that is composed of quantitative data entries taken at regular intervals over a period of time is a timeseries. A timeseries chart is used to graph a time series. Example: The following table lists the number of minutes Robert used on his cell phone for the last six months. Construct a time series chart for the number of minutes used. Continued.

  13. Robert’s Cell Phone Usage 250 200 150 Minutes 100 50 0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May June Month Times Series Chart

  14. Homework • Pages 53 • 2-6,all 8-14 even, 15, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 29, 30

  15. Pages 56-59 - 1-2, 11-14, 16, 18, 21, 23, 25, 27 • Unlike the histogram, the stem-and-leaf plot still contains the original data values. However, some data are difficult to organize in a stem-and-leaf plot. • The value of the stock portfolio has increased from around $5,000 in 2000 to almost $30,000 in 2004. • 14 The most frequent incident occurring while driving and using a cell phone is swerving, twice as many people “sped up” than “cut off a car”

  16. Pages 56-59 - 20-22-24-28-29-30

  17. Pages 56-59 - 20-22-24-28-29-30 The greatest NASA space shuttle operations expenditures in 2003 were for vehicle and extravehicle activity while the least were for solid rocket booster.

  18. Pages 56-59 - 20-22-24-28-29-30

  19. Pages 56-59 - 20-22-24-28-29-30

  20. Pages 56-59 - 20-22-24-28-29-30