1. Intro – Broadband Needs

2. Consumer Choice…Today Digital & IPG On Demand Data on TV VoIP 5 Mbps 1.0 Mbps 1.5 Mbps Video on your cell

3. Customer Choice…Tomorrow Any Content…Any Where…Any Time HDTV & DVRs Home Networking for Video, Voice and Data Home Telepresence

4. IPTV VoIP Global Traffic Growth IP Traffic Internet Access Time

5. Less Expensive Thinner Higher Carrying capacity Less signal degradation Light signals Lowe Power Digital Signals Non-flammable Light weight One way – Fiber to the Home

6. Copper wire (twisted pair) up to ~ 100 Mb/sec (short distances) 1,500 phone calls 2 TV channels 2 Bibles/sec Coaxial cable (also copper) Up to ~1 Gb/sec (short distances) 15,000 phone calls 20 TV channels (> 200 with “data compression”) 20 bibles/second Optical Fiber up to 50 Tb/s (50,000 Gb/s) (long distances) 0.78 billion phone calls 1 million TV channels 1 million Bibles/second How “fast” is fiber optics?

7. CO CO // CO/HE // Optical networks, optimized for voice, video and data 19 Mbps - 1 Gbps + Moving from Copper to Fiber… Old networks, optimized for voice 24 kbps - 1.5 Mbps

8. Comparison Fiber vs Copper

9. Introduction to Optical Fibers. • Fibers of glass • Usually 120 micrometers in diameter • Used to carry signals in the form of light over long distances • No repeaters needed.

10. Introduction (Cont…) • Core – thin glass center of the fiber where light travels. • Cladding – outer optical material surrounding the core • Buffer Coating – plastic coating that protects the fiber.

11. Type of Fibers Optical fibers come in two types: • Single-mode fibers – used to transmit one signal per fiber (used in telephone and cable TV). They have small cores(9 microns in diameter) and transmit infra-red light from laser. • Multi-mode fibers – used to transmit many signals per fiber (used in computer networks). They have larger cores(62.5 microns in diameter) and transmit infra-red light from LED.

12. Total Internal Reflection in Fiber

13. FTTX • Refers to several different optical fiber architectures • Most Common terms: • Fiber to the node / neighborhood (FTTN) • Fiber to the building (FTTB) • Fiber to the home (FTTH)