Powered Industrial Truck (PIT) Training

1. Powered Industrial Truck (PIT) Training Firelands College Shaeff Electric Lift Truck E 3000 C

2. Agenda • Importance of the PIT Training Program; • OSHA’s PIT standard; • BGSU’s written PIT Program; • Truck related topics; • Workplace related topics; • Truck operations; • Traveling; • Loading and; • Inspection and maintenance.

3. Importance of the PIT Training Program PIT Defined • An industrial vehicle that carries, pushes, pulls, stacks or tiers loads. • Includes fork trucks, tractors, platform lift trucks, motorized hand trucks, and other specialized industrial trucks powered by electric motors or internal combustion engines. Golf carts are considered PIT’s when used for maintenance activities. • Excludes compressed air or nonflammable compressed gas-operated industrial trucks, farm moving or over-the-road hauling.

4. Importance of the PIT Training Program • Powered industrial truck accidents cause approximately 100 fatalities and 36,340 serious injuries in general industry and construction annually. • Approximately 20-25 % of the accidents are caused by inadequate training (OSHA).

5. Importance of the PIT Training Program August 2003 A 15-year-old forklift operator was at the controls of a forklift in a warehouse when the vehicle suddenly went into reverse, ran through the loading dock gates, flipped over and plunged four feet onto a concrete floor. The company was fined by the U.S. Labor Department’s Wage and Hour Division because the operation is one of 17 hazardous occupations banned for youth under the age of 18. OSHA is also investigating the incident. Reference: http://www.safteng.net

6. Importance of the PIT Training Program August 2003 A construction worker at a California campus was left in critical condition after he was pinned by a forklift. He was attempting to stabilize the forklifts load of more than 30 panes of glass. He suffered leg injuries, broken ribs, a broken shoulder, and severe lacerations to his face. Reference: http://www.safteng.net

7. OSHA’s PIT Standard • Design and construction requirements • Safe operation requirements • Fire protection requirements • Maintenance requirements including daily PIT inspections • Operator training program including classroom, hands-on training and refresher training • Operator evaluations every three years • Operator certification • Appendix A : Stability information

8. BGSU’s Written PIT Program • Initial classroom and hands-on training was offered in 1999 after the new standard went into effect. • The training was given by an outside consultant who has since gone out of business. • In order to provide a more cost effective, easily accessible training program, Environmental Health and Safety is working with departs and areas on campus to develop department specific PIT training sessions consisting of a combination of classroom and hands-on training.

9. BGSU’s Written PIT Program • Policy Statement • Forward • Objective • Applicability

10. BGSU’s Written PIT Program • Responsibilities • Occupational Safety and Health Specialist • Management • Supervisors • PIT Operators

11. BGSU’s Written PIT Program PIT Operator Responsibilities include: • completely adhering to the requirements of this program and attending required training and; • performing powered industrial truck inspections for every eight-hour shift. Program Enforcement • A violation of a University employee's responsibility must be reported to the employee's immediate supervisor for appropriate action.

12. BGSU’s Written PIT Program • Work site specific information is located in Tab 1 including: • Site Specific Operating Environment • Site Specific Load Information • Site Specific Controls and Instrumentation List

13. BGSU’s Written PIT Program • Training • Classroom Training • Hands-On Training • Training Certification • All operators will be issued a BGSU PIT license that includes: • Name • Date of training • ID of person who performed the evaluation • Only trained, certified operators can drive PIT’s.

14. BGSU’s Written PIT Program • Re-Training is required when • An operator has been observed to operate the vehicle in an unsafe manner or; • The operator has been involved in an accident or a near miss or; • The operator is assigned to a different truck or; • The conditions change in an area where the PIT is operated or; • A new truck is brought into use or; • The operator has received an evaluation that reveals that the operator is not operating the powered industrial truck safely.

15. BGSU’s Written PIT Program • Operator Evaluations • Must be completed once every three years. • A sample form is located in Appendix G. • Accident Reporting • Immediately report PIT related accidents. • Accident reporting must be completed using the BGSU Accident Investigation form and if needed the BGSU Injury/Illness Report if an operator is involved in PIT accident or near miss.

16. Truck Related Topics • Manufacturer’s operating instructions, warnings, and precautions.

17. Differences Between a PIT and an Automobile Truck Related Topics

18. Truck Related Topics Stand Up Counterbalance

19. Truck Related Topics Truck Controls and Instrumentation Direction Control Horn Power Steering Tilt Control Key Switch Service Panel

20. Truck Related Topics Truck Controls and Instrumentation Overhead Guard Light Mast Front Wheel Drive Battery Compartment Brake Pedal

21. Truck Related Topics

22. Truck Related Topics • Engine or motor operation • Shaeff Electric Lift Truck E 3000 C is battery powered. • Knowing how a truck is powered helps to understand the truck’s capabilities and limitations.

23. Truck Related Topics • Steering and Maneuvering • Rear-end steering. • Many trucks do not have a standard steering wheel. • Operator may need to steer in reverse. • Operator may need to steer with one hand. • Understand the controls for the type of truck you’re operating.

24. Truck Related Topics • Visibility • Restrictions due to loading. • Look in the direction you’re traveling. • Watch for overhead obstacles. • Ensure adequate clearance. • Check blind spots to side and rear.

25. Truck Related Topics • Fork and attachment adaptation, operation, and use limitations • Trucks can be equipped or modified to accept attachments for moving odd-shaped loads. • Additions/modifications may affect stability, safe operation. • Attachments can cause restrictions/limitations to operation. • Operate trucks with attachments as being partially loaded.

26. Truck Related Topics • Vehicle capacity • Only handle loads within truck’s rated capacity. • Capacity is found on name plate. • Understand limitations for how much weight can be handled, how high the load can be raised, and how far the load’s center of gravity can be from truck’s vertical load rest. Max Capacity: 3000 lbs Max Lift Height: 255 inches (Located on Left Dashboard)

27. Truck Related Topics • Vehicle stability • Center of gravity shifts when load is raised • Truck is less stable with raised load • Moving an unstable truck can result in tipover

28. Truck Related Topics Stability Triangle Operators must keep the center of gravity within the triangle that is formed by the three suspension points.   If the center of gravity goes out of this area by lifting a load that is too heavy, or by carrying a load too high and tilted forward, the lift will tip over.

29. Truck Related Topics

30. Truck Related Topics • Conditions that combined with turning may cause a tip over include: • Hitting a pothole • Carrying an off center load. • Getting a flat tire. • Having a raised and tilted back load. • Being on a ramp.

31. Truck Related Topics • Vehicle stability • During a tipover: • stay with vehicle and lean away from the direction of the fall • don’t jump downward while truck is tipping • Brace your feet • Hold on to the steering wheel • Keep load at lowest practical point

32. Truck Related Topics • Refueling and/or charging and recharging of batteries • Keep flames, sparks, arcs from fueling areas. • Smoking is not allowed in fueling/charging areas. • Keep tools and metallic objects from top of uncovered batteries. • Inspect battery connections for damage. • Immediately clean up electrolyte spills. • PPE – Face Shields, chemical gloves, apron, safety glasses.

33. Truck Related Topics • Any other operating instructions, warnings, or precautions listed in the operator's manual for the types of vehicle that the employee is being trained to operate.

34. Workplace Related Topics • Use • Unloading trucks • Lift objects to mezzanine (furniture etc…) • Lift to dry mats • Transport material (ramps, staging) • Surface conditions • Water, snow, ice • Effects on traction, stopping ability • Uneven ground and/or potholes • Effects on stability

35. Workplace Related Topics • Pedestrian Traffic • Transporting material across courtyard THE DRIVER IS ALWAYS THE ONE RESPOSIBLE: NEVER THE PEDESTRIAN

36. Workplace Related Topics • Narrow Aisles and Other Restricted Places Where Vehicles Will Be Operated • One aisle in the service building

37. Composition of Loads to be Carried and Load Stability Workplace Related Topics

38. Workplace Related Topics • Load manipulation, stacking, and unstacking.

39. Workplace Related Topics • Hazardous (classified) locations where the vehicle will be operated. • Operation of PIT in closed environments can produce carbon monoxide build-up. Detectors should be installed in these areas.

40. Workplace Related Topics • Ramps and other sloped surfaces that could affect the vehicle's stability. • None

41. Workplace Related Topics • Other unique or potentially hazardous environmental conditions in the workplace that could affect safe operation. • None

42. Truck Operations • Trucks shall not be driven up to anyone standing in front of a bench or other fixed object. • No person shall be allowed to stand or pass under the elevated portion of any truck, whether loaded or empty.

43. Truck Operations • Unauthorized personnel shall not be permitted to ride on powered industrial trucks. • A safe place to ride shall be provided where riding of trucks is authorized.

44. Truck Operations • No arms or legs should be placed between the uprights of the mast or outside the running lines of the truck. • When a powered industrial truck is left unattended, load engaging means shall be fully lowered, controls shall be neutralized, power shall be shut off, and brakes set.

45. Truck Operations • Wheels shall be blocked if the truck is parked on an incline. • A powered industrial truck is unattended when the operator is 25 ft. or more away from the vehicle which remains in his view, or whenever the operator leaves the vehicle and it is not in his view.

46. Truck Operations • When the operator of an industrial truck is dismounted and within 25 ft. of the truck still in his view, the load engaging means shall be fully lowered, controls neutralized, and the brakes set to prevent movement.

47. Truck Operations • A safe distance shall be maintained from the edge of ramps or platforms while on any elevated dock, or platform or freight car. • Trucks shall not be used for opening or closing freight doors.

48. Truck Operations • Brakes shall be set and wheel blocks shall be in place to prevent movement of trucks, trailers, or railroad cars while loading or unloading. • Fixed jacks may be necessary to support a semitrailer during loading or unloading when the trailer is not coupled to a tractor. • The flooring of trucks, trailers, and railroad cars shall be checked for breaks and weakness before they are driven onto.

49. Truck Operations • There shall be sufficient headroom under overhead installations, lights, pipes, sprinkler system, etc.

50. Truck Operations • An overhead guard shall be used as protection against falling objects. It should be noted that an overhead guard is intended to offer protection from the impact of small packages, boxes, bagged material, etc., representative of the job application, but not to withstand the impact of a falling capacity load.