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Graphs

Graphs. In your textbook this is from section 1.4 in your textbook. Data Tables. Scientists organize their data by using tables and graphs A data table is a very easy way to present and organize data On p. 22 in your textbook is an example of a data table

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Graphs

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  1. Graphs In your textbook this is from section 1.4 in your textbook

  2. Data Tables • Scientists organize their data by using tables and graphs • A data table is a very easy way to present and organize data • On p. 22 in your textbook is an example of a data table • This table has location and average annual precipitation for several cities

  3. Data Tables • On this particular table the location is the manipulated variable (what we know as the independent variable) • The average annual precipitation is the responding variable (what we know as the dependent variable)

  4. Line Graphs • A line graph can be used to show changes that happen when the two variable are related • The independent variable is graphed along the x-axis (the horizontal axis) • The dependent variable is graphed along the y-axis (the vertical axis) http://erc.msh.org/quality/foutools/foulngrf.cfm

  5. Line Graph

  6. Slope • When looking at a line graph it is important to notice the slope which is the ratio of the vertical change to the corresponding horizontal change • Slope = rise/run • Rise is the change in the y variable • Run is the corresponding change in the x variable • p. 23 in your text has an example of mass vs. volume of water

  7. Direct and Inverse Proportion • Direct proportion is when the ratio of the two variables is constant • This can be seen in the mass vs. volume of water graph • Inverse proportion is when the product of the two variables is a constant • This can be seen in the Time to fill a 1-gallon pot with water graph

  8. Bar Graphs • A bar graph is used to compare a set of measurements, amounts or changes • P. 24 in your text has an example of the Average Annual Precipitation for Selected U.S. Cities • Notice how it is easy to see the precipitation differences between each city

  9. Bar Graph

  10. Circle Graphs • A circle graph shows how a part or share of something relates to the whole • An example of a circle graph can be seen on p. 24 in your textbook • This circle graph shows the Composition of the Earth’s crust (shows the percent of elements in the Earth’s crust)

  11. Circle Graph (also known as pie graph)

  12. Presenting Data • Scientists need to present the results of their experiments in scientific journals or magazines • Data can be interpreted in different ways • Advertisers often use tables and charts to make their product look better to us • Data needs to be presented clearly and honestly

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