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Understanding Chemical and Physical Reactions: Key Differences and Properties

This guide explores the fundamental differences between chemical and physical reactions, highlighting key properties such as reversibility and changes in composition. Physical reactions (like tearing and melting) maintain substance identity and can be reversed, while chemical reactions (such as rusting and fizzing) lead to irreversible composition changes. A comparison of solids, liquids, and gases reveals their distinct properties, including shape and volume. Additionally, it discusses particle movement, kinetic energy, and the implications of temperature on states of matter.

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Understanding Chemical and Physical Reactions: Key Differences and Properties

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  1. Qualititative Part 1 Sarah McCloskey Alyssa Moore

  2. Differences between Chemical and Physical Reactions • Physical Properties • substance stays the same • it is reversible • Chemical Properties • irreversible • composition changes • Examples • tearing • cutting • breaking • melting • freezing • boiling • Examples • fizzing • bubbling • production of gas • formation • absorption of heat and light • production of a precipitate • rust

  3. 3 1 4 Physical or Chemical? 2

  4. Chemical Reaction

  5. Differences between solids, liquids and gases • Solid • definite shape • definite volume • not easily compressed • Liquid • indefinite shape • definite volume • not easily compressed • Gas • indefinite shape • indefinite volume • easily compressed Gas is a form of matter that takes both the shape and volume of its container. Liquid is a form of matter that has an indefinite shape, flows, yet has a fixed volume. Solid is a form of matter that has a definite shape and volume.

  6. Solid Liquid Or Gas? 3 1 4 2

  7. Particle Movement and Kinetic Energy • The motion of the particles in a gas is rapid, constant and random. • The particles travel in straight-line paths until they collide with another particle, or another object, such as the wall of their container. • The particles change direction only when they rebound from collisions with one another or with other objects. • Particles are in random pattern and constant motion. • To speed up, they get faster and heat up. • This increases entropy (measure of randomness as it becomes a gas) • To slow down, it becomes stationary or a solid which lowers the temperature.

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