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Step-by-Step Guide to Risk Management

Step-by-Step Guide to Risk Management. For Logistics and Transport Sector. Contents. Legend. Objectives. Risk Management Regulations. Overview of Risk Management. Roles and Responsibilities. Risk Management Process. References.

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Step-by-Step Guide to Risk Management

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  1. Step-by-Step Guide to Risk Management For Logistics and Transport Sector

  2. Contents Legend Objectives Risk Management Regulations Overview of Risk Management Roles and Responsibilities Risk Management Process References Note: Please click ( ) on the individual tab for more information

  3. Legend RM Members RM Team Risk Management (RM) Leader • RA Members • RA Team • Risk Assessment (RA) • Leader Video Clips Forms Samples Back to contents page

  4. Objectives This Guide aims to provide basic guidance in implementing risk management (RM) at workplaces. Potential incidents can be prevented when hazards are identified and risks are managed. Back to contents page

  5. Risk Management Regulations The WSH (Risk Management) Regulationsis one of the key components of the Workplace Safety and Health (WSH) Act. Under the Regulations, all workplaces are required to conduct risk assessments for routine and non-routine work. Back to contents page

  6. Overview of Risk Management Risk Management involves • identifying and analysing safety and health hazards associated with work; • assessing the risks involved; • prioritising measures to control the hazards and reduce the risks; • controlling and monitoring the risks; and • communicating these risks to all affected persons. Back to contents page

  7. Roles and Responsibilities Employer 7/50

  8. Employer 8/50

  9. Manager 9/50

  10. Manager 10/50

  11. Manager 11/50

  12. Employee Back to contents page

  13. Risk Management Process 1 Preparation Form RM & RA Teams Identify Tasks of Each Process Gather Relevant Information 2 Risk Assessment Hazard Identification Risk Evaluation Risk Control 3 Implementation and Review Obtain Employer / Management Approval Communicate the Hazards and their Controls Implement Control Measures Audit / Regular Inspections Review RA on a Regular Basis 4 Record-keeping Records must be available upon request Records to be kept for at least 3 years 13/50

  14. 1 Preparation Form RM & RA Teams Identify Tasks of Each Process Gather Relevant Information I.Form RM & RA Teams A. Appointment of RM Team A1. Employer to: • Appoint RM Leader • Appoint RM Members • Ensure RM Team is trained and competent in risk management • Engage RM consultant to assist RM Team if further assistance is required 14/50

  15. 1 Preparation Form RM & RA Teams Identify Tasks of Each Process Gather Relevant Information • A2. Prerequisite and Roles of : RM Leader 15/50

  16. 1 Preparation Form RM & RA Teams Identify Tasks of Each Process Gather Relevant Information • A3. Prerequisite and Composition of : RM Members 16/50

  17. 1 Preparation Form RM & RA Teams Identify Tasks of Each Process Gather Relevant Information • A4. Main Functions of RM Team: RM Leader RM Members 17/50

  18. 1 Preparation Form RM & RA Teams Identify Tasks of Each Process Gather Relevant Information • Appointment of RA Team • B1. RM Team to: • Appoint RM Members as RA Leaders • Assist RA Leaders if further assistance is needed 18/50

  19. 1 Preparation Form RM & RA Teams Identify Tasks of Each Process Gather Relevant Information RA Leader • B2. Prerequisite and Roles of : 19/50

  20. 1 Preparation Form RM & RA Teams Identify Tasks of Each Process Gather Relevant Information • B3. Prerequisite and Composition of : RA Members 20/50

  21. 1 Preparation Form RM & RA Teams Identify Tasks of Each Process Gather Relevant Information • B4. Main Functions of RA Team RA Leader RA Members 21/50

  22. 1 Preparation Form RM & RA Teams Identify Tasks of Each Process Gather Relevant Information • Relationship between RM Team and RA Team RM Team RA Leader who is also an RM Member RA Leader who is also an RM Member RA Team RA Team 22/50 Note: RM Member is not necessary an RA Leader 

  23. 1 Preparation Form RM & RA Teams Identify Tasks of Each Process Gather Relevant Information activity II.Identify Tasks of Each Process • RM Team to set RA scope • Divide the workplace into a few distinct areas • Assign RA Team for each distinct area • RA Team to prepare Inventory of Work Activity (IWA) • Prepare IWA form for area(s) assigned by RM Team • IWA form to include activity inventory, location, process and 23/50

  24. 1 Preparation Form RM & RA Teams Identify Tasks of Each Process Gather Relevant Information III. Gather Relevant Information A. RM Team to gather information related to RM scoping : • Workplace layout plan • Process or work flowchart • List of work activities in the process 24/50

  25. 1 Preparation Form RM & RA Teams Identify Tasks of Each Process Gather Relevant Information • B. RA Teams to gather information on RA process : • List of tools, machinery and chemicals used • Manufacturer’s instruction manual including safety data sheets • Records of past incidents & accidents • Observations, interviews and feedback on WSH-related matters • WSH inspection records and audit reports • Relevant legislation, Codes of Practice and specifications • Details of existing risk control measures • Safe work procedures • Copies of previous RA • Medical records of workers Note: The above information ONLY serves as a guide. 25/50

  26. 2 Risk Assessment Hazard Identification Risk Evaluation Risk Control • Risk Assessment is a process of : • Identifying and analysing safety and health hazards associated with work; • Assessing the risks involved; and • Prioritising measures to control the hazards and reduce the risks. • Risk Assessment must be conducted for all work activities. 26/50

  27. 2 Risk Assessment Hazard Identification Risk Evaluation Risk Control • I. Hazard Identification • A. What is a Hazard ? • Anything, any source or any situation with the potential to cause bodily injury or ill-health Risk Assessment Form 27/50

  28. 2 Risk Assessment Hazard Identification Risk Evaluation Risk Control • B. How to Identify Hazards? • B1. RA Leader to determineways to identify hazards • brainstorming • process review • B2. RA Team to determine sources of hazards • physical • mechanical • electrical • B3. RA Team to consider if the hazards could cause harm beyond their immediate area of work • process hazard analysis • job safety analysis • chemical • biological • others 28/50

  29. 2 Risk Assessment Hazard Identification Risk Evaluation Risk Control • How to Identify Risks? • C1. Copy all work activities from the Inventory of Work Activities (IWA) form to the ‘Work Activity’column of the Risk Assessment Form Risk Assessment Form 29/50

  30. 2 Risk Assessment Hazard Identification Risk Evaluation Risk Control • C2. List all hazards for each work activity in the ‘Hazard’ column Risk Assessment Form 30/50

  31. 2 Risk Assessment Hazard Identification Risk Evaluation Risk Control • C3. List all possible injuries / ill-health in the ‘Possible Injury / • Ill-health’ column Risk Assessment Form 31/50

  32. 2 Risk Assessment Hazard Identification Risk Evaluation Risk Control • II. Risk Evaluation • A. What is a Risk? • The likelihood that a hazard will cause a specific bodily injury to any person Risk Assessment Form 32/50

  33. 2 Risk Assessment Hazard Identification Risk Evaluation Risk Control • B. How to Evaluate Risk? • B1. List all existing control measures for each injury / ill-health in the ‘Existing Risk Controls’ column Risk Assessment Form 33/50

  34. 2 Risk Assessment Hazard Identification Risk Evaluation Risk Control • B2. Rate the most likely severity outcome of the injury in the ‘S’ column • B3. Rate the likelihood that the hazard may cause the injury / ill-health in the ‘L’ column • B4. Multiply the figures in ‘S’ and ‘L’ columns & enter result in the Risk Prioritisation Number (RPN) column Risk Assessment Form 34/50

  35. 2 Risk Assessment Hazard Identification Risk Evaluation Risk Control • B5. Compare the ‘RPN’ against the Risk Matrix • B6. RA Team to take action according to the recommended actions based on the current risk level Risk Assessment Form 35/50

  36. 2 Risk Assessment Hazard Identification Risk Evaluation Risk Control Risk Evaluation according to Code of Practice on Risk Management (1 of 2) Severity Scoring (‘S’ column) Likelihood Scoring (‘L’ column) Classification of Risk (Risk Matrix) (‘RPN’ column) 36/50

  37. 2 Risk Assessment Hazard Identification Risk Evaluation Risk Control Risk Evaluation according to Code of Practice on Risk Management (2 of 2) Risk Matrix 37/50

  38. 2 Risk Assessment Hazard Identification Risk Evaluation Risk Control • III. Risk Control • What is Additional Risk Control? • To eliminate, reduce or confine the risk to an acceptable level Risk Assessment Form 38/50

  39. 2 Risk Assessment Hazard Identification Risk Evaluation Risk Control • B. How to Control Risk? • B1. Consider more effective measures in the hierarchy of control Most Effective ELIMINATION Change the Work Process SUBSTITUTION Replace Metal Gears with Pulley with Belt ENGINEERING CONTROLS Implement Noisy Machine Enclosure ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS Implement Work Rotation Least Effective PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT Provide Hearing Protectors Examples for Noise Control 39/50 Hierarchy of Control

  40. 2 Risk Assessment Hazard Identification Risk Evaluation Risk Control • B2. List all possible controls in the ‘Additional Controls’ column • B3. Re-evaluate severity ‘S’, likelihood ‘L’ and ‘RPN’ scores • (Note: New risk level should not be higher after the additional controls) Risk Assessment Form New risk level Existing risk level 40/50

  41. 2 Risk Assessment Hazard Identification Risk Evaluation Risk Control • B4. Identify specific person to lead the implementation of additional controls and set due date • B5. Record due date for implementation • B6. Implementation person to provide progress updates to RA Team Risk Assessment Form 41/50

  42. 3 Implementation and Review Obtain Employer / Management Approval Communicate the Hazards and their Controls Implement Control Measures Audit / Regular Inspections Review RA on a Regular Basis • Obtain Employer / Management Approval Manager to : • Approve RA form • Prepare an action plan to implement the measures • Implement the recommended risk control measures • Monitor the action plan 42/50

  43. 3 Implementation and Review Obtain Employer / Management Approval Communicate the Hazards and their Controls Implement Control Measures Audit / Regular Inspections Review RA on a Regular Basis • II. Communicate the Hazards and their Controls • Manager to Inform All Persons Exposed to the Risk about : • The nature of risks • Any measures / safe work procedures implemented • Means to minimise / eliminate the risks 43/50

  44. 3 Implementation and Review Obtain Employer / Management Approval Communicate the Hazards and their Controls Implement Control Measures Audit / Regular Inspections Review RA on a Regular Basis Examples of Communication Channel : • Toolbox meeting / briefing before the start of any work • Video tools (examples) • Prime Mover Driver and Forklift Operator • Noise-Induced-Deafness Prevention Programme • Case Studies - Fall from height • Case Studies - Crushed by gantry crane 44/50

  45. 3 Implementation and Review Obtain Employer / Management Approval Communicate the Hazards and their Controls Implement Control Measures Audit / Regular Inspections Review RA on a Regular Basis • III. Implement Control Measures • Manager to : • Implement risk control measures • Ensure an action plan is available, monitored and implemented (including timeline and person in charge) • Ensure risk control measures are implemented and effective 45/50

  46. 3 Implementation and Review Obtain Employer / Management Approval Communicate the Hazards and their Controls Implement Control Measures Audit / Regular Inspections Review RA on a Regular Basis • IV. Audit / Regular Inspections • Manager to : • Ensure regular inspections and audits are carried out so that the risk control measures are implemented and effective 46/50

  47. 3 Implementation and Review Obtain Employer / Management Approval Communicate the Hazards and their Controls Implement Control Measures Audit / Regular Inspections Review RA on a Regular Basis • V. Review RA on a Regular Basis • Manager to : • Review / Revise RA at least once every 3 years, or • after an incident, near miss or dangerous occurrence; • when there is a significant change in the work processes, facilities, work practices or work procedures, or change in workplace condition and layout (e.g.: introduction of new machinery, or chemicals or raw materials); • when new information on WSH risk is available. 47/50

  48. 4 Record-keeping Records must be Available upon Request Records to be kept for at least 3 years • RA Records Must be Available upon Request • Manager to : • Ensure RA records to be readily available upon request • RA records include: • RA forms • RA Register • Risk control measures records • Safe work procedures • Training records 48/50

  49. 4 4 Record-keeping Record-keeping Must be Available upon Request Keep for at least 3 years Records must be Available upon Request Records to be kept for at least 3 years • Keep RA Records for at least 3 years • Manager to : • Keep all RA records for at least 3 years Back to contents page

  50. References Workplace Safety and Health Act Workplace Safety and Health (Risk Management) Regulations Code of Practice on Workplace Safety and Health (WSH) Risk Management Workplace Safety and Health Council http://www.wshc.sg Ministry of Manpower http://www.mom.gov.sg Back to contents page

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