1 / 7

Enzymes as Catalysts in Living Organisms

This text explains the role of enzymes as catalysts in chemical reactions in living organisms. It discusses how enzymes enable processes such as digestion and the importance of maintaining proper conditions for enzyme function. The text also explores the structure and function of enzymes, including how they bind to substrates and weaken their bonds to facilitate reactions. Additionally, the text prompts critical thinking about the impact of different types of meals on digestion.

eunicem
Télécharger la présentation

Enzymes as Catalysts in Living Organisms

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. KEY CONCEPTEnzymes are catalysts for chemical reactions in living things. Like other carnivores, the Venus flytrap eats animals to get nutrients that it needs to make molecules such as proteins and nucleic acids. Other chemical compounds made by the plant's cells enable the Venus flytrap to digest the animals that it eats.

  2. A catalyst lowers activation energy. • Catalysts are substances that speed up chemical reactions. • decrease activation energy • increase reaction rate

  3. Enzymes allow chemical reactions to occur under tightly controlled conditions. • Enzymes are catalysts in living things. • Enzymes are needed for almost all processes. • Most enzymes are proteins. Fig. This micrograph shows a pathogen after it has been captured. Once inside a white blood cell, enzymes are used to destroy the pathogen. (colored TEM; magnification 11,000 X)

  4. Disruptions in homeostasis can prevent enzymes from functioning. • Enzymes function best in a small range of conditions. • Changes in concentrations, temperature and pH can break hydrogen bonds causing enzymes not to work properly.

  5. Critical Viewing: Do you think a high-carbohydrate or a high protein meal would be digested more quickly? Explain.

  6. substrates (reactants) enzyme Substrates bind to anenzyme at certain places called active sites. • An enzyme’s structure allows only certain reactants to bind to the enzyme. • An enzyme’s function depends on its structure. • substrates • active site

  7. Substrates bind to anenzyme at certain places called active sites. The enzyme bringssubstrates together and weakens their bonds. The catalyzed reaction formsa product that is releasedfrom the enzyme. • The lock-and-key model (inducible fit model) helps illustrate how enzymes function. • substrates brought together • bonds in substrates weakened 1. 3. 2. Apply: How does the structure of an enzyme affect its function?

More Related