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Digestive System

Digestive System. Functions of the Digestive System. Ingestion = food enters the mouth. Functions of the Digestive System. Ingestion = food enters the mouth Digestion = process that breaks food down into small molecules. Functions of the Digestive System.

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Digestive System

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  1. Digestive System

  2. Functions of the Digestive System • Ingestion = food enters the mouth

  3. Functions of the Digestive System • Ingestion = food enters the mouth • Digestion = process that breaks food down into small molecules

  4. Functions of the Digestive System • Ingestion = food enters the mouth • Digestion = process that breaks food down into small molecules • Mechanical digestion = food is chewed and churned • Chemical digestion = breaks down large food molecules into smaller molecules to be absorbed by cells

  5. Functions of the Digestive System • Ingestion = food enters the mouth • Digestion = process that breaks food down into small molecules • Absorption = small molecules of food are taken into the body cells

  6. Functions of the Digestive System • Ingestion = food enters the mouth • Digestion = process that breaks food down into small molecules • Absorption = small molecules of food are taken into the body cells • Elimination = wastes made of unabsorbed food molecules pass out of the body

  7. Which is not a function of the digestive system? • Breaking down food into molecules the body can use • Absorbing food molecules into the blood to deliver to the body • Changing waste into molecules the body can use • Eliminating undigested waste from the body

  8. Organs of the Digestive Tract • Mouth = digestion starts here

  9. Organs of the Digestive Tract • Mouth = digestion starts here • Tongue & teeth mechanically break food up

  10. Organs of the Digestive Tract • Mouth = digestion starts here • Tongue & teeth mechanically break food up • Saliva chemically digests food • Saliva = mostly made of water, also contains mucus & ptyalin (an enzyme)

  11. Organs of the Digestive Tract • Mouth = digestion starts here • Tongue & teeth mechanically break food up • Saliva chemically digests food • Saliva = mostly made of water, also contains mucus & ptyalin (an enzyme) • When swallowing, epiglottis (a small flap of tissue) automatically closes over the trachea (windpipe)

  12. Organs of the Digestive Tract • Esophagus • Smooth muscles force food into the mucus-lined esophagus • Rhythmic muscular contractions (peristalsis) push food downward

  13. Organs of the Digestive Tract • Stomach • Food undergoes mechanical digestion when stomach muscles churn the food • Chemical digestion happens when hydrochloric acid (HCl) and pepsin break down the complex proteins • Peristalsis pushes the food toward stomach’s exit

  14. Which is not an example of mechanical digestion? • Teeth chewing food • Tongue breaking up food • Smooth muscles in stomach churning food • Pepsin & HCl breaking down proteins

  15. What are the muscle contractions that push food through the digestive system called? • Elimination • Peristalsis • Epiglottis • Pepsin

  16. What is this structure? • Mouth • Epiglottis • Esophagus • Stomach

  17. Organs of the Digestive Tract • Small Intestine(6 meters long) • Mostdigestion happens here • Intestinal juice (full of enzymes) breaks down food

  18. Organs of the Digestive Tract • Small Intestine(6 meters long) • Most digestion happens here • Intestinal juice (full of enzymes) breaks down food • Digestive Helpers • Liver = bile is produced here (Bile breaks upfats like dish detergent breaks up grease)

  19. Organs of the Digestive Tract • Small Intestine(6 meters long) • Most digestion happens here • Intestinal juice (full of enzymes) breaks down food • Digestive Helpers • Liver = bile is produced here (Bilebreaks upfats like dish detergent breaks up grease) • Gall bladder = bile is stored here until released into the small intestine

  20. Organs of the Digestive Tract • Small Intestine(6 meters long) • Most digestion happens here • Intestinal juice (full of enzymes) breaks down food • Digestive Helpers • Liver = bile is produced here (Bile breaks upfats like dish detergent breaks up grease) • Gall bladder = bile is stored here until released into the small intestine • Pancreas= produces pancreatic juices that are released into the small intestine to break down proteins,starches, & fats

  21. Organs of the Digestive Tract • Small Intestine(6 meters long) • Most digestion happens here • Intestinal juice (full of enzymes) breaks down food • Digestive Helpers • Liver • Gall bladder • Pancreas • Digested food is absorbed through the villi into a network of blood vessels that carry the nutrients to all parts of the body

  22. Organs of the Digestive Tract • Small Intestine(6 meters long) • Most digestion happens here • Intestinal juice (full of enzymes) breaks down food • Digestive Helpers • Liver,Gall bladder, Pancreas • Digested food is absorbed through the villi into a network of blood vessels that carry the nutrients to all parts of the body e) By the time food leaves the small intestine, it is empty of all nutrients except water

  23. Where does most digestion take place? • Mouth • Stomach • Small intestine • Liver

  24. Which is true about bile? • Bile breaks down proteins. • Bile is produced in the liver. • Bile is stored in the pancreas. • Bile is released into the stomach.

  25. What is this structure? • Liver • Stomach • Gall bladder • Pancreas

  26. Organs of the Digestive Tract • Large Intestine(1.5 meters long) • Undigested food spends 18-24 hours here & most of the water is absorbed

  27. Organs of the Digestive Tract • Large Intestine(1.5 meters long) • Undigested food spends 18-24 hours here & most of the water is absorbed • Helpful bacteria living in large intestine make vitamins K & B

  28. Organs of the Digestive Tract • Large Intestine(1.5 meters long) • Undigested food spends 18-24 hours here & most of the water is absorbed • Helpful bacteria living in large intestine make vitamins K & B • Materials not absorbed form into solid waste(dead bacteria, some fat & protein, undigested food, dried out parts of digestive juices & old intestinal cells)

  29. Organs of the Digestive Tract • Large Intestine(1.5 meters long) • Undigested food spends 18-24 hours here & most of the water is absorbed • Helpful bacteria living in large intestine make vitamins K & B • Materials not absorbed form into solid waste (dead bacteria, some fat & protein, undigested food, dried out parts of digestive juices & old intestinal cells) • Solid waste passes into the rectum and is stored until it is eliminated from the body through the anus

  30. Which process occurs in the large intestine? • Digested food is absorbed. • Undigested food is absorbed. • Water is added to undigested food. • Water is absorbed from undigested food.

  31. Which structure is the large intestine? • A • B • C • D A B C D

  32. What do the bacteria in the large intestine do? • Make you sick • Make bile • Make vitamins • Make food

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