TEST: The Education Unit A Review…

1. TEST: The Education UnitA Review… Education is the social institution by which society provides people with important knowledge, including: A. job skills B. basic facts and information. C. cultural norms and values. D. All of the above are correct. Answer: D. All of the above are correct.

2. In pre-industrial societies, education is often a matter of: A. formal schooling until the age of 16. B. What parents can teach their children. C. no learning at all – It does not exist. D. teaching by religious leaders. Answer: B. What parents can teach children.

3. The word “school” has the same Greek word for: A. learning. B. wisdom. C. leisure. D. elder. Answer: C. leisure

4. In ancient Greece and China, the first people to have the benefits of schooling were: A. women. B. soldiers. C. the rich. D. foreigners Answer: C. the rich!

5. In the world as a whole, _____ of children reach the secondary grades in school. A. only about half. B. just one-tenth. C. three-fourths. D. ninety percent. Answer: A. only about half

6. The basic reason schooling is limited in India is that… A. there is a lack of teachers. B. the Hindu religion forbids formal schooling. C. children become soldiers. D. in low-income countries, many poor children still work for income. Answer: D. In low-income countries, many poor children still work for income.

7. Compared to the United States, in Japan getting into college, is more a matter of: A. athletic ability. B. personal ability demonstrated on achievements tests. C. family ties. D. being rich. Answer: B. Personal ability demonstrated on achievement tests.

8. In Japan, who pays for much of the costs of higher education? A. the students. B. the parents. C. the grandparents. D. the government. Answer: D. the government

9. Child labor (with some kids working up to 60 hours a week resulting in a lack of school attendance/ exposure) continues to be a problem in : A. the United States. B. Great Britain. C. India. D. Japan. Answer: India

10. In Great Britain, regardless of their scores on achievement exams, the children of well-to-do families: A. Generally do not go to college. B. Must go to state universities like everyone else. C. are likely to go to high-prestige private universities such as Oxford and Cambridge. D. go to college, but only if they are males.. Answer: Are likely to go to high-prestige private universities such as Oxford and Cambridge.

11. By _____, a majority of adults in the United States had earned a high-school diploma. A. 1800. B. 1880. C. 1925. D. the mid-1960s. Answer D. the mid-1960s.

12. In the United States today, what share of people over the age of twenty-five have earned a four-year college degree? A. 25%. B. 45%. C. 65%. D. 85%. Answer: A. 25%.

13. According to your text’s “Global Snapshot” chart, which nation has the highest percentage, aged 25 – 64, with a university degree? A. Japan. B. the Netherlands. C. Canada. D. The United States. Answer: The United States

14. The functions of schooling include: A. socializing the young. B. creating a new culture. C. helping to integrate a diverse society. D. All of the above are correct. Answer: D. All of the above are correct.

15. The term “hidden curriculum” refers to A. subtle presentations of political or cultural ideas in the classroom. B. the process of tracking by social background. C. the important role of parents in a child’s schooling. D. The idea that college is available only to those who can afford it. Answer: A. Subtle presentations of political or cultural ideas in the classroom.

16. Which of the following is a latent function of schooling? • A. ensuring some common culture. • B. teaching about the U.S. way of life. • C. providing child-care. • D. teaching job skills. • Answer: • C. providing child-care.

17. The most crucial factor affecting access to college in the United States is: • A. Gender. • B. Money. • C. Personal Achievement. • D. Athletic Ability. • Answer: • B. MONEY!!!

18. Jonathan Kozol condemns the U.S. educational system for: • A. focusing too much on students’ future careers. • B. making use of achievement tests. • C. unequal funding that makes some schools far better than others. • D. Paying some teachers more than they are worth. • Answer: • C. Unequal funding that makes some schools far better than others.

19. An example of the “social capital” advantage of well-to-do students in U.S. schooling is parents who: • A. spend more time reading to their children. • B. value schooling and encourage their children. • C. Encourage the development of imagination in their children. • D. All of the above are correct. • Answer: • D. All of the above are correct.

20. As income goes up among U.S. families, • A. there is no difference in the share of children who attend college. • B. the share of children going to college goes down. • C. the share of children going to college rises sharply. • D. more women, but fewer men, go to college. • Answer: • C. The share of children going to college rises sharply.

21. Credentialism refers to: • A. evaluating people on the basis of educational degrees. • B. giving the more privileged students the best teachers. • C. teaching students to think positively of U.S. society. • D. making college in the U.S. too expensive for many families. • Answer: • A. Evaluating people on the basis of educational degrees

22. A social-conflict approach to U.S. schooling suggests that: • Answer: • B. Schooling transforms social privilege into personal merit. • (rich kids’ family affording Ivy League schools, etc.)

23. . In the United States, which category of people, aged 25 and older, as the lowest level of educational achievement? • Answer: • D. Hispanics

24. When asked to rate the U.S. school system using a standardized grading system, the largest share of people give the grade of ____. • Answer • B. “B” – above average

25. For the United States as a whole, about _______ of people between the ages of 16 – 24 drop out before completing high school. • Answer: • B. 12%

26. The drop-out rate is highest (30%) in which category of the U.S. population? • Answer: • C. Hispanics

27. Across the United States, which region has the highest dropout rate? • Answer: • D. the South

28. The problem with functional illiteracy means that • Answer: • A. Many young people leave school without having learned basic skills.

29. Compared to other high-income nations such as Canada, Germany, and Sweden, functional illiteracy in the United States is: • Answer: • D. somewhat higher

30. This document, often cited as the origin of current educational reform efforts, was published in 1983 by the U.S. Department of Education’s National Commission on Excellence in Education. • Answer: • B. “A Nation At Risk”

31. People who support the school choice movement claim that U.S. public schools perform poorly because: • Answer: • A. They have NO competition.

32. Magnet schools encourage: • Answer: • A. Students to specialize in specific areas of study.

33. The practice of including people with disabilities in regular educational classes and programs is called: • Answer: • B. Mainstreaming.

34. In the United States today: • Answer: • C. There is a shortage of teachers!

35. Public schools have been losing teachers in recent years because of: • Answer: • D. All of the above • Job-related frustration • Low-pay • The retirement of older teachers

36. A general lesson of sociological research is that • Answer: • B. we cannot expect schools by themselves to improve the quality of education.

37. In the year 2000, men accounted for ____ of all U.S. college undergraduate students. • Answer: • C. 44%.

38. True or False.A = True & B = False • The extent of schooling in a society is closely tied to its level of economic development • Answer: • TRUE!

39. Schooling in all countries, high- and low-income alike, reflects local cultures. • Answer: • TRUE!

40. In India, fewer boys than girls reach secondary school. • Answer: • FALSE!

41. In Japan, a larger share of students graduate from high school than in the United States. • Answer: • TRUE!

42. Schooling in the United States seeks to promote equality of opportunity. • Answer: • TRUE!

43. #43. • One latent function of schooling is establishing social relationships and networks. • Answer: • TRUE!

44. #44. Because the United States is so rich, almost 90%of students attend private schools. • Answer: • FALSE!

45. The hidden curriculum refers to the fact that schools teach cultural lessons that are not noted formally in any lesson plan. • Answer: • TRUE!

46. . • Critics of U.S. schools have demanded more use of tracking to give all students instruction geared to their abilities. • Answer: • FALSE!

47. . • In general, the lower the average income of a community, the larger the average class size. • Answer: • TRUE!

48. . • On average, a college degree adds about $50,000 to a person’s lifetime earnings. • Answer: • FALSE! (a million min.)

49. Most adults in the United States give public schools a grade of “A.” • Answer: • FALSE!

50. . • Most people in the United States do not believe that schools do an adequate job teaching personal discipline. • Answer: • TRUE!!!!!!!!