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Ethnic Inequality

Ethnic Inequality. New Term. Structural Violence/Structurally Violent Society – The way in which a group within society is exploited through the denial of their rights (even in a peaceful society). Colonial Rule. Colonial Rule.

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Ethnic Inequality

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  1. Ethnic Inequality

  2. New Term • Structural Violence/Structurally Violent Society – The way in which a group within society is exploited through the denial of their rights (even in a peaceful society)

  3. Colonial Rule

  4. Colonial Rule • Often grouped peoples based on colonial land boundaries not on ethnic decent

  5. War as the final outcome of ethnic inequality • Often wars in the developing world involve two or more ethnic groupings • Ayoob (2001) all states went through this process and as the state modernises they will become less common (modernisation theory)

  6. Dependency theory begs to differ… • Wars are caused by deepening poverty caused by western nations • The availability of weapons (normally made by the 5 permanent members of the UN security council) • Aid strengthens inequalities with aid going to one group over another • Ethnic divisions and imposed borders

  7. The Results • Refugees and forced migration

  8. Apartheid • Systematic racial segregation from 1948-1994 and unofficially afterwards • This included laws preventing marriages, restricting job roles, limiting voting and living arrangements and education opportunities

  9. Apartheid Now • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rlrTtc50PR0 • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GK20uHWTGdQ • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gitr8KtuLPc

  10. Education • The right to learn in your own language • All lessons in Afrikaans or English based on ethnicity • Today the boundaries have been removed but… • Not all languages support every subject • University entry exams are in English • Despite Zulu making up 23.8% of speakers and Xhosa 17.6% • Afrikaans and English make up 13.3% and 8.2% respectively

  11. Other Educational Issues • Majority of textbooks are written in the dominant language • Excludes parental assistance • Makes the child unattractive as an employee • http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-19803878

  12. Ecuador • Ecuador 221 million children speak a different language at home than at school • The malnutrition rates among these groups are over twice that of those who speak the dominant language

  13. Bolivia • Compared to Spanish speakers those who speak Amyara end up with 2 years less in school and Quecha speakers 4 less

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