Racial and Ethnic Inequality

1. Racial and Ethnic Inequality Part 2 Slides

2. III. Prejudice and Discrimination • What’s the difference?

3. Prejudice • Prejudice: “pre-judge” • Attitudes that certain groups of people are either inferior or superior • Can be either positive or negative • i.e. Asians are good at math, African Americans are good at sports • Stereotypes • Prejudice and stereotypes evolve with a changing society • Rise in Islamophobia • Since when? • Increased racial profiling, hate crimes, discrimination

4. Discrimination • The acts that arise from prejudices • Individual discrimination: Unfair or unequal treatment based on group membership, on an individual level • Individual Discrimination is: • Subtle: for example not sitting next to someone; Not inviting a co-worker to lunch based on their race • Blatant: Racial slurs; Hate Crimes - (2009) study-888 racial hate groups/organizations in U.S. Dept of Just-(2011)-6600 hate crimes reported-47% motivated by race-13% Ethnicity -Many more go unreported

5. Institutionalized discrimination • Institutionalized discrimination: how discrimination is woven into the fabric of society • Looks at a culture of racism • Does not look at individuals as racists • The Denial of opportunities and equal rights that result from the normal operations of society and institutions • Edu, CJS, HCS, economy, politics, etc

6. Do whites have advantages in obtaining jobs?Getting helped at a department store? Obtaining loans for home and cars?, etc • “True colors” video

7. Discrimination in Job Seeking • Studies show that discrimination on the job market continues at institutional level • Can your name affect the possibility of a call back for an interview? • Who is more likely to get a call back on a resume? • A white male who has served jail time or a black male who has served no jail time

8. Institutional Discrimination Examples Housing: Redlining and racial steering Redlining: mortgage companies deny loans for houses in minority neighborhoods. Racial steering: realtors discourage minorities from moving into certain neighborhoods. Home mortgage and car loans • Thomas and Passell found that controlling for income and credit scores, Latinos and African Americans were 60% more likely to be rejected for loans than whites The Criminal Justice System Differential Sentencing and drug policies Death penalty Racial Profiling The Education system Racial Minorities are disproportionately represented in low-income neighborhoods, where schools and teachers are underfunded.

9. Environmental Racism • Low income communities and areas with significant minority populations are more likely to be located near hazardous waste sites, dumps, and have higher air pollution which results in higher levels of health issues and related deaths • I.e.: Location of toxic waste sites on native American reservations

10. Effects of Discrimination • Racial Stratification • Further injustice

11. IV. Racial Stratification • Poverty Rates • Child Poverty rates • Median Family income

12. The Importance of Wealth • Wealth and the black middle class • “Starting from Scratch” • Benefits of generational accumulation • Dalton Conley example in text

13. % Homeowners by Race

14. Conclusion • Race Matters • Combating racism and discrimination • Human Agency