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Problem Solving with the Sequential Logic Structure

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Problem Solving with the Sequential Logic Structure. Lesson 5. Overview. Algorithm Instructions Sequential Logic Structure Solution Development. Flowchart Symbols. Terminal Starts, Stops, Ends Input/Output Input data, Output information Assign Apply values to variables Process

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Problem Solving with the Sequential Logic Structure

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  1. Problem Solving with the Sequential Logic Structure Lesson 5 COP1006

  2. Overview • Algorithm Instructions • Sequential Logic Structure • Solution Development COP1006

  3. Flowchart Symbols • Terminal • Starts, Stops, Ends • Input/Output • Input data, Output information • Assign • Apply values to variables • Process • Execute instructions Terminal Input/Output Assign Process COP1006

  4. Sequential Logic Structure • The oldest logic structure • The most used logic structure • The easiest structure to understand • Is one statement after another statement, after another statement, after another statement, etc. COP1006

  5. Examples Print Name Print Address Print City Print State Print Zip Print Pay • Enter Name • Enter Address • Enter City • Enter State • Enter Zip • Enter Hours • Enter Wage • Pay = Hours * Wage COP1006

  6. Let’s work a problem… COP1006

  7. The Problem… • Sadie invests $5,000 in a savings account that yields 5% (.05) annual interest. • Assuming that all interest is left on deposit along with the original deposited amount • What will be the equation to calculate the amount that will be in the account at the end of 10 years? • How much will the interest be at the end of the 10 years? COP1006

  8. The Solution • First: Research banking algorithms • We wind up with Two Equations: • First…the Tough one • Amount = Principal * ((1 + Interest Rate) ^ Time) • Principal – amount to be invested • Interest Rate – yearly percentage rate • Time – investment period in years • Amount – principal + interest earned • Next…the Easy one • Interest = Amount – Principal • Interest – the actual amount of Interest COP1006

  9. Structure Chart of Solution Calculate Savings Get input Print Calculate Calculate Amount CalculateInterest PrintInterest PrintAmount COP1006

  10. Pseudocode Solution • Get Principal Amount • Get Yearly Interest Rate • Get Time Intervals • Calculate Amount of Principal + Interest • Amount = Principal * ((1 + Rate) ^ Time) • Calculate Amount of Interest • Interest = Amount - Principal • Print Amount of Ending Principal + Interest • Print Amount of Interest COP1006

  11. Coding the Problem In Visual Basic Note: Up to this point it didn’t matter what language we use… COP1006

  12. Data Dictionary COP1006

  13. VB Solution – Declare Variables Internal Documentation taking the form of Comments ' Input Values by User Dim Principal As Decimal Dim InterestRate As Double Dim Time As Short ' Output Values Dim Amount As Single Dim Interest As Single COP1006

  14. VB Solution – Get Input Private Sub cmdGetInput_Click() Principal = CDec(InputBox("In Dollar amount " & _ “ (5000)", "Please Enter Principal Amount")) InterestRate = CDbl(InputBox(" Ex. 5% " & _ “ would be entered as .05", "Please " & _ “ Enter Annual Interest Rate")) Time = CShort(InputBox("An Integer " & _ “ with no decimals", "Please Enter Length " & _ “ of Time in Years")) End Sub COP1006

  15. VB Solution – Calculate Result Private Sub cmdCalculate_Click() ' Calculates Principal + Interest over time Amount = Principal * ((1 + InterestRate) ^ Time) ' Calculates amount of total Interest at end of ' time period Interest = Amount - Principal End Sub COP1006

  16. VB Solution – Produce Output Private Sub cmdPrintResult_Click() lstOutput.Items.Add(" The Amount of Principal + " & _ “Interest Paid on") lstOutput.Items.Add(" the Principal Amount of " & _ VB6.Format(Principal, "Currency") & " for ") lstOutput.Items.Add(Time & " years is") lstOutput.Items.Add(" " & _ VB6.Format(Amount, "Currency")) lstOutput.Items.Add(" and the Amount of Interest is") lstOutput.Items.Add(" " & _ VB6.Format(Interest, "Currency")) End Sub COP1006

  17. VB Solution – the Form COP1006

  18. Getting the Input 1st step 2nd step 3rd step COP1006

  19. Calculating the Solution COP1006

  20. VB Solution – the Output COP1006

  21. Documentation • Internal Documentation • Takes the form of comments within the program • Helped by using Mnemonic terms • Creates self-documenting code • External Documentation • Takes the form of • User Manuals • Help Screens • System Documentation COP1006

  22. Testing the Solution • Input Variables to be tested • Principal • any numeric value greater than 0 • InterestRate • any numeric value greater than 0 and less than 1 • Time • any integer greater than 0 • Note: We didn’t do any Error checking in this problem. COP1006

  23. Testing the Solution • Output Variables • Would expect to see the Amount a positive number greater than the Principal amount • Would expect to see the Interest greater than zero. • Why are these statements important? COP1006

  24. Summary • Analyze the problem • Being able to restate the problem is one indicator that you understand the problem • Develop the structure chart • Develop the algorithms • Develop the data dictionary • Develop the code • Test the solution COP1006

  25. Next? Problem Solving with Decisions COP1006

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