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The Name Game: Ionic Compounds

The Name Game: Ionic Compounds. The cation comes first in the name (and in the formula) and it retains the name of the element. If the compound contains a transition metal cation, the oxidation number of the cation is indicated in parentheses in roman numerals. Ex: Au 3+  gold( III )

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The Name Game: Ionic Compounds

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  1. The Name Game: Ionic Compounds • The cation comes first in the name (and in the formula) and it retains the name of the element. • If the compound contains a transition metal cation, the oxidation number of the cation is indicated in parentheses in roman numerals. • Ex: Au3+ gold(III) • 3. The name of the anion is changed so that it ends in -ide • Ex: chlorine  chloride, oxygen  oxide AuCl3 Na3N Sodium nitride Gold(III) chloride PbO2 Lead(IV) oxide PbBr2 Lead(II) bromide Metals in Group 14 can often have more than one oxidation number

  2. Now, you try some... Silver(I) fluoride AgF MgCl2 Magnesium chloride FeCl3 Iron(III) chloride Al2S3 Aluminum sulfide Titanium(IV) oxide TiO2

  3. 1 P + 4 O + 3 e- PO4 -3 Polyatomic ions are made of more than one atom AND carry a charge. Phosphate ion Whenever you are writing a formula with a polyatomic ion, imagine that it is surrounded by a force field that prevents the atoms in the ion from separating.

  4. Phosphate Sulfate Carbonate Nitrate Chlorate Hydroxide Acetate Ammonium PO4-3 SO4-2 CO3-2 NO3-1 ClO3-1 OH-1 C2H3O2-1 NH4+1 Polyatomic ions that you need to know are: Pg 619

  5. The key to success is recognizing the polyatomic ions. NH4Cl NH3 Na4C Na2SO4 Na2S NaNO3 SO2 CO2 MgCO3 NaCl NaClO3 NaOH NH4OH H3PO4 PCl3 AuPO4 AuP Au2O

  6. NO3- CO3-2 NH4+ NH4+ Al+3 Al+3 NO3- NO3- PO4-3 Ionic compounds are called formula units, NOT molecules. Some ionic compounds with polyatomics… Ammonium and carbonate Aluminum and nitrate Al+3 NO3-1 CO3-2 NH4+ Aluminum and phosphate (NH4)2CO3 PO4-3 Al+3 Al(NO3)3 AlPO4

  7. Now you try some… Write the formulas for the following combinations • Sodium and phosphate • Ammonium and sulfur • Carbonate and silver(I) • Hydroxide and zinc(II) • Phosphate and iron(II) • Ammonium and carbonate • Gold(III) and acetate Na3PO4 (NH4)2S Ag2CO3 Zn(OH)2 Fe3(PO4)2 (NH4)2CO3 Au(C2H3O2)3

  8. Naming ionic compounds containing polyatomic ions • The cation comes first in the name (and in the formula) and it retains the name of the element or the ion if ammonium. • The polyatomic anion retains its name. Ex: CaSO4 would be calcium sulfate NH4Cl would be ammonium chloride would be ammonium perchlorate NH4ClO4

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