Unit Five

1. Unit Five Assignment

2. Exercises of passage A • Comprehension of the Text Ex. II. Answer the following questions. • Vocabulary Ex. III. Complete the following sentences with the help of the first letter(s). Fill each blank with one word only. Ex. IV. Replace the underlined words or expressions in the following sentences with words or expressions from the text that best keep the original meaning. • Structure Ex. VII. Combine the following sentences using “which” to refer to the fact mentioned in the first part of the sentence. Ex. VIII. Rewrite the following sentences by using the “so…that” structure.

3. Exercises of passage A • Translation Ex. IX. Translate the following sentences into English. Ex. X. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. • Story Summary Ex. XI. Choose the best one of the three answers given to fill in each blank. • Text Structure Analysis Ex. XII. Now please read Paragraph 4 to find out the similar cause-and-effect relation there and fill in the chart below. • Structured Writing Ex. XIII. Here are some topics for you to choose from to write your own paragraph showing a cause- and-effect relation. One has a few more details that you can follow if you choose.

4. Keys to the exercises of unit5, book2 • Section AWeeping for My Smoking Daughter • Section BStop Spoiling Your Children • Section CWhat Is in Larry’s Mind?

5. Section A Weeping for My Smoking Daughter

6. Comprehension of the Text Ex. II. Answer the following questions. • How does the writer feel when she sees her daughter smoking? 2. What did the writer’s father smoke before he smoked cigarettes made by manufacturers? She feels terrible. She wants to weep and she does weep a little. He smoked Prince Albert tobacco in cigarettes he rolled himself.

7. Comprehension of the Text Ex. II. Answer the following questions. 3. What do you know from Paragraph 3 about the writer’s father? Her father was hooked by cigarettes. Though he smoked Prince Albert tobacco, he never looked as fashionable as Prince Albert; he continued to look like a poor, overweight, hard working colored man with too large a family.

8. Comprehension of the Text Ex. II. Answer the following questions. 4. By the time the writer was sixteen, what effects did smoking cigarettes have on her father’s health? By that time, her father’s health was poor. His breathing was difficult; he had to rest very often when he was climbing stairs. It was not unusual for him to cough for an hour.

9. Comprehension of the Text Ex. II. Answer the following questions. 5. In the poor countries of the Third World, how is money spent that should go to food? And what results from that? Money that should be spent for food goes instead to the tobacco companies. As a result, over time, people starve themselves of both food and air, effectively weakening and hooking their children, eventually killing themselves.

10. Comprehension of the Text Ex. II. Answer the following questions. 6. What does the writer read in the newspaper and in the gardening magazine about the effects of cigarette ends? The cigarette ends are so poisonous that if a Baby swallows one, it is likely to die, and the boiled water from a bunch of them makes an effective insecticide.

11. Comprehension of the Text Ex. II. Answer the following questions. 7. Why does the writer feel a deep hurt as a mother? She still remembers how carefully she ate when she was pregnant, and how patiently she taught her daughter how to cross a street safely. But now her daughter smokes, which amounts to killing herself by taking poison, as her grandfather did.

12. Comprehension of the Text Ex. II. Answer the following questions. 8. According to Paragraph 8, how does the writer view smoking? Smoking is a form of self-battering that also batters those others who must sit by.

13. VocabularyEx. III. Complete the following sentences with the help of the first letter(s). Fill each blank with one word only. 1. We don’t agree with him because his argument is unrealistically idealistic and does more to h______ the problem than to provide compromises. harden

14. VocabularyEx. III. Complete the following sentences with the help of the first letter(s). Fill each blank with one word only. 2. Most of what is said about his great men of history has already been said, and what has not is l______ irrelevant to our discussion. largely 3. He is over 50 but he is so s___ that losing weight is not a problem for him. slim

15. VocabularyEx. III. Complete the following sentences with the help of the first letter(s). Fill each blank with one word only. 4. It would only w_____ his position if he continues to stick to his strange ideas. weaken 5. If left untreated, the amount of insecticide stored here can reach p________ levels. poisonous 6. He was very thirsty and desired to s______ some water, but he must observe water-drinking principle. swallow

16. VocabularyEx. III. Complete the following sentences with the help of the first letter(s). Fill each blank with one word only. 7. I am supposed to be resting and relaxing, but it is just a whole b_____ of different things that have happened. bunch 8. Day and night Martin could not d___ his mind from the failure he had suffered. drag

17. VocabularyEx. IV. Replace the underlined words or expressions in the following sentences with words or expressions from the text that best keep the original meaning. • The old lady stopped and stood against the wall to rest for a moment. The old lady stopped and leaned onthe wall to rest for a moment. 2. Since your mother is often ill, remember to keep a first-aid medicine kit close by all time. Since your mother is often ill, remember to keep a first-aid medicine kit close at handall time.

18. VocabularyEx. IV. Replace the underlined words or expressions in the following sentences with words or expressions from the text that best keep the original meaning. 3. In a hard winter, especially in snowy weather, many wild animals can be killed by hunger. In a hard winter, especially in snowy weather, many wild animals can die of hunger.

19. VocabularyEx. IV. Replace the underlined words or expressions in the following sentences with words or expressions from the text that best keep the original meaning. 4. In the poor neighborhoods of the city, there are many uncared-for young children who suffer from not having parental love. In the poor neighborhoods of the city, there are many uncared-for young children who are starved ofparental love.

20. VocabularyEx. IV. Replace the underlined words or expressions in the following sentences with words or expressions from the text that best keep the original meaning. 5. Very high quality, in association with the relatively low prices, has made these cars very popular in these countries. Very high quality, coupled withthe relatively low prices, has made these cars very popular in these countries.

21. VocabularyEx. IV. Replace the underlined words or expressions in the following sentences with words or expressions from the text that best keep the original meaning. 6. This advertisement is intendedmainlyfor young people in their early twenties. This advertisement is directedmainly at young people in their early twenties. 7. They are usually wearing their Sunday best when they go to church. They are usually dressed intheir Sunday best when they go to church.

22. VocabularyEx. IV. Replace the underlined words or expressions in the following sentences with words or expressions from the text that best keep the original meaning. 8. I was feeling great thanks to John for his kindness. I was very grateful toJohn for his kindness.

23. StructureEx. VII. Combine the following sentences using “which” to refer to the fact mentioned in the first part of the sentence. Model: They are filtered. I am grateful for this fact. They are filtered, forwhichI am grateful.

24. StructureEx. VII. Combine the following sentences using “which” to refer to the fact mentioned in the first part of the sentence. 1. John went to the cinema with his brother. This surprised me. John went to the cinema with his brother, which surprised me. 2. The boy broke the window. He was criticized by the teacher for this. The boy broke the window, for which he was criticized by the teacher.

25. StructureEx. VII. Combine the following sentences using “which” to refer to the fact mentioned in the first part of the sentence. 3. He tore up my photo. I was very much annoyed by this. He tore up my photo, by which I was very much annoyed. 4. It was raining hard. The team stayed indoors due to this fact. It was raining hard, due to which the team stayed indoors.

26. StructureEx. VII. Combine the following sentences using “which” to refer to the fact mentioned in the first part of the sentence. 5. Connie changed her mind for the second time. This came as no surprise to us. Connie changed her mind for the second time, which came as no surprise to us.

27. StructureEx. VIII. Rewrite the following sentences by using the “so…that” structure Model: He had very little breath. He was always leaning on something. He had so little breath that he was always leaning on something.

28. StructureEx. VIII. Rewrite the following sentences by using the “so…that” structure 1. The teacher spoke very quietly. The students could hardly hear her. The teacher spoke so quietly that the students could hardly hear her. 2. The lecture was quite boring. Many listeners fell asleep. The lecture was so boring that many listeners fell asleep.

29. StructureEx. VIII. Rewrite the following sentences by using the “so…that” structure 3. The student has many books. He does not know what to do with them. The student has so many books that he does not know what to do with them. 4. The old man was very ill. His neighbors had to send for a doctor. The old man was so ill that his neighbors had to send for a doctor.

30. StructureEx. VIII. Rewrite the following sentences by using the “so…that” structure 5. Her remarks are very funny. Everyone laughs to tears. Her remarks are so funny that everyone laughs to tears.

31. TranslationEx. IX. Translate the following sentencesinto English. 1.我父亲太忘事，老是在找钥匙。 to be so forgetful that… to be always looking for My father is so forgetful that he is always looking for his keys.

32. TranslationEx. IX. Translate the following sentencesinto English. 2.再没有收到过他的信，于是我们开始怀疑他是否还活着。 Nothing more is heard from him… to wonder if he is still alive Nothing more was heard from him so that we began to wonder if he was still alive.

33. It is common/not unusual for sb. to do sth. TranslationEx. IX. Translate the following sentencesinto English. 3.对于这位科学家来说，凌晨两三点钟上床睡觉是很平常的事。 It is not unusual for the scientist to go to bed at two or three in the morning.

34. TranslationEx. IX. Translate the following sentencesinto English. 4.那人弯腰从地上把书捡起来。 to pick up sth. from the floor to bend down The man bent down and picked up the book from the floor.

35. TranslationEx. IX. Translate the following sentencesinto English. 5.丽贝卡(Rebecca)把头靠在丈夫肩上哭了起来。 lean one’s head on Leaning her head on her husband’s shoulder, Rebecca began to cry.

36. Ex. X. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. 1. While she is doing her homework, her feet on the bench in front of her and her calculator clicking out answers to her geometry problems, I am looking at the half-empty package of Camels tossed carelessly close at hand. 她做家庭作业时，脚搁在前面的长凳上，计算器嗒嗒地跳出几何题的答案。我看着那包已抽了一半、她随意扔在紧靠手边处的骆驼牌香烟。

37. Ex. X. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. 2. I remember the bright-red tobacco tin, with a picture of Queen Victoria’s partner, Prince Albert, dressed in a black dress coat and carrying a cane. 我还记得那鲜红的烟丝罐头，上面有一张维多利亚女王的丈夫阿尔伯特亲王的图片,他身穿黑色燕尾服、手拿一支手杖。

38. Ex. X. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. 3. The tobacco industry, coupled with Hollywood movies in which both male and female heroes smoked like chimneys, completely won over people like my father, who were hopelessly hooked by cigarettes. 烟草业，再加上好来坞电影——影片中的男女主角都是老烟鬼——把像我父亲那样的人完完全全争取了过去,他们无可救药地抽烟上了瘾。

39. Ex. X. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. 4.…over time, people starve themselves of both food and air, effectively weakening and hooking their children, eventually killing themselves. 久而久之，人们不但缺少食物，而且还缺少空气，这样不但大大地削弱了孩子们的体质，还使他们染上了烟瘾，最终还会致他们于死地。

40. Ex. X. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. 5. Smoking is a form of self-battering that also batters those who must sit by, occasionally joke or complain, and helplessly watch. 抽烟是一种自我毁灭，而且也毁灭着那些不得不坐在你身边的人。那些人偶尔也会取笑或抱怨抽烟，可常常只能无可奈何地坐在一边看。

41. Story SummaryEx. XI. Choose the best one of the three answers given to fill in each blank. 1.C 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. C 11. B 12. A 13. B 14. B 15. B 16. A 17. B 18. B 19. C 20. B

42. Text Structure AnalysisEx. XII. Now please read Paragraph 4 to find out the similar cause-and-effect relation there and fill in the chart below. The cause:I do not remember when he started to cough. Perhaps it was unnoticeable at first, a little coughing in the morning as he lit his first cigarette upon getting out of bed． The effect:By the time I was sixteen, my daughter’s age, his breath was a wheeze, embarrassing to hear; he could not climb stairs without resting every third or fourth step. It was not unusual for him to cough for an hour.

43. Structured WritingEx. XIII. Here are some topics for you to choose from to write your own paragraph showing a cause-and-effect relation. One has a few more details that you can follow if you choose. For reference There are many problems for mixed marriages. To start with, many people harbor strong reservation towards mixed marriages. They will feel shocked and have prejudices and doubts about these marriages. Just imagine what they would say if one day they find someone with blue eyes, red hair and high nose is to become a member of their family. Besides, even the children are cruel to the child from a mixed marriage. Mixed marriages will face so many trials that mixed couples have higher divorce rate than couples of the same race.

44. Section B Stop Spoiling Your Children

45. Exercises of Passage B • Comprehension of the Text Ex. XV. Choose the best answer to each of the following questions. • Vocabulary Ex. XVI. Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. Ex. XVII. Rewrite each of the following sentences using the expressions given in brackets.

46. Ex. XV. Choose the best answer to each of the following questions. 1.Traveling a lot for various speaking appointments, ____. A. the writer often has to stay in other people’s homes B. the writer is always complaining that there is no space for his clothes C. the writer has the opportunity to give so many talks on the issue of spoiled children

47. Ex. XV. Choose the best answer to each of the following questions. 2.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to Paragraph 2? A. It’s quite common in American families that parents tend to buy their children too many things. B. In many American families children come to take their parents’ generosity for granted. C. The effects of giving children too many toys and clothes will be very harmful to them.

48. Ex. XV. Choose the best answer to each of the following questions. 3.Some parents who work during the whole of the usual working period give their children too much ____. A. to spoil their children B. to show that they are rich enough to buy things for their children C. to compensate for the time they spend away from their children

49. Ex. XV. Choose the best answer to each of the following questions. 4.All the following can be the reasons for some parents giving their children too much except that ____. A. some parents want their children to have both things they once had and things they didn’t get B. some parents do not want their children to form the opinion that they are not loved C. some parents want their children to make fun of their friends who do not attain the same toys they have

50. Ex. XV. Choose the best answer to each of the following questions. 5.The word “variability” (Para. 6) refers to ____. A. parents’ feeling regret and resentment B. parent’s attitude that changes from refusing a request to giving in C. changes in the parent-child relationship