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UNIT 2c  Follow the path.

UNIT 2c  Follow the path. . Constructs, Variables, and Definitions. Concept or construct?. Concept expresses an abstraction formed by generalization from particulars.  Construct is a concept consciously INVENTED or adopted for a special scientific purpose.  . Operational definitions.

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UNIT 2c  Follow the path.

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  1. UNIT 2c  Follow the path. Constructs, Variables, and Definitions. Unit 2c Follow the Path

  2. Concept or construct? • Concept expresses an abstraction formed by generalization from particulars.  • Construct is a concept consciously INVENTED or adopted for a special scientific purpose.  Unit 2c Follow the Path

  3. Operational definitions • Assigns meaning to a construct or a variable by specifying the activities or operations necessary to measure it and evaluate the measurement.  • Manual of instructions to the investigator.  “Do such and such in a so and so manner.”  • Example:  “Intelligence is the score as measured by the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Third Edition (WISC-III).” Unit 2c Follow the Path

  4. Types of variables. http://www.365halloween.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/03/mad-science-lab.jpg • 1.  The independent variable is varied and has a presumed cause on another variable, the dependent variable.  Manipulated variable, under the control of the experimenter.  The cause that affects the dependent variable. • 2.  The dependent variable changes with the independent variable. • independent variable = x (the variable predicted from) • dependent variable = y (the variable predicted to)   Unit 2c Follow the Path

  5. Variables • Examples: gender, income, education, social class, organizational productivity, occupational mobility, and achievement. • Independent (cause, being manipulated) • Dependent (effect, observed)  http://img.sparknotes.com/101s/psychology/01.3.variables.jpg Unit 2c Follow the Path

  6. Example:  High mother interaction with infants (x or independent variable or cause) during the first six months increases intelligence (y or dependent variable or effect).  Unit 2c Follow the Path

  7. UNIT 2  Follow the path. Chapter 5. Relations. Unit 2c Follow the Path

  8. People who study communication are concerned about relationships:  • Relationships between people. • Relationships between events. • Relationships between experiences and behavior.  • Scientists are concerned about relationships, or what they more typically call "relations." Unit 2c Follow the Path

  9. Relations in science are between classes or sets of objects. • Ways of studying relations include graphs and tables, plots, and correlations. End Unit 2c Follow the Path

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