Tyler Mason Pratt

1. Marine Construction Marine Construction SCM 330 Tyler Mason Pratt Tyler Mason Pratt

2. Marine Construction • Today’s Agenda • Overview • Cofferdams • Barges • Dredgers • Conclusion Overview Cofferdams Barges Dredgers Conclusion Tyler Mason Pratt

3. Marine Construction Overview of Marine Construction Overview Cofferdams Barges Dredgers Conclusion Marine construction is a unique specialization in the construction industry that is forced to utilize means and methods unlike any other in the field of development. Building on a body of water (or even near a body of water) completely restructures how a project is approached. A successful marine project requires rare tools and practices. Cofferdams, Barges, and Dredgers are tools that have completely reshaped the Marine Construction industry. Tyler Mason Pratt

4. Marine Construction Cofferdams Overview Cofferdams Barges Dredgers Conclusion What is a Cofferdam? A watertight enclosure from which the water is pumped to expose the bottom of a river, lake, ocean, etc. and permit work to be done there. Is a retaining structure, usually temporary in nature, which is used to support the sides of deep excavations or work areas in the water. Tyler Mason Pratt

5. Marine Construction Types of Cofferdams Overview Cofferdams Barges Dredgers Conclusion • Braced • Earth-Type • Timber Crib • Double-Walled Sheet Pile • Cellular • Slurry Wall • Specialty – Steel Framed, Inflatable Tyler Mason Pratt

6. Marine Construction Braced Cofferdams Overview Cofferdams Braced Cellular Barges Dredgers Conclusion • Formed from a single wall of sheet piling • Driven into the ground to form a box around the excavation site • The “box” is then braced on the inside • Interior is dewatered • Primarily used for bridge piers in shallowwater (30 - 35 ft depth) Tyler Mason Pratt

7. Marine Construction How it Works Overview Cofferdams Braced Circular Barges Dredgers Conclusion Tyler Mason Pratt

8. Marine Construction Cellular Cofferdam Overview Cofferdams Braced Cellular Barges Dredgers Conclusion • Circular cells are connected by diaphragms • Deep excavations • Used when the construction area is very large • Also used when internal bracing is impractical Tyler Mason Pratt

9. Marine Construction Barges Overview Cofferdams Barges Dredgers Conclusion A barge is a large flat bottomed boat primarily used to, but not limited to, the transportation of materials and equipment. Most barges are not self propelled and require the use of tugboats to push or pull them Tyler Mason Pratt

10. Marine Construction Types of Barges Overview Cofferdams Barges Dredgers Conclusion • Derrick Barges • Jack-Up Barge • Material Barges • Dump Scows • Hopper Barge • Flexi Floats • Semi-Submersible Tyler Mason Pratt

11. Marine Construction Jack-Up Barge Overview Cofferdams Barges Jack-Up Barge Hopper Barge Dredgers Conclusion • A large barge with 4-8 legs lifting it up over the water. • Legs are lowered to sea floor and lift the deck of the barge up. Tyler Mason Pratt

12. Marine Construction How it Works Overview Cofferdams Barges Jack-Up Barge Hopper Barge Dredgers Conclusion Tyler Mason Pratt

13. Marine Construction Uses Overview Cofferdams Barges Jack-Up Barge Hopper Barge Dredgers Conclusion • These barges provide a stable platform for construction activities. • The platform allows materials to be placed on a flat surface. • Also provides a stable surface to conduct boring and piling. • Cranes an other various equipment is mounted to the platform. Tyler Mason Pratt

14. Marine Construction Hopper Barge Overview Cofferdams Barges Jack-Up Barge Hopper Barge Dredgers Conclusion • Used for transport of dry materials such as: gravel, sand, rock, etc. • Barges are usually moved with tugboats or are self propelled. Tyler Mason Pratt

15. Marine Construction Uses Overview Cofferdams Barges Jack-Up Barge Hopper Barge Dredgers Conclusion • Typically flat, long and open top. • Used for transportation of dry materials from land to location of construction. • Also used for transportation of materials dredged or removed from construction site. Tyler Mason Pratt

16. Marine Construction Dredgers Overview Cofferdams Barges Dredgers Conclusion • A dredger is an ocean vessel equipped with a mechanism that collects material from the sea floor. • It’s an excavation activity or operation carried in shallow seas or fresh water areas with the purpose of gathering up bottom sediments and disposing of them at a different location Tyler Mason Pratt

17. Marine Construction Uses Overview Cofferdams Barges Dredgers Conclusion • Normally it is carried out to create a new harbor, or to deepen existing facilities in order to allow larger ships access. • Dredging is a process that can be used to maintain the depth and width of existing water ways. The Sand spit at Morro Bay is dredged on a regular basis to keep access for small vessels available. Tyler Mason Pratt

18. Marine Construction Types of Dredgers Overview Cofferdams Barges Dredgers Conclusion • Mechanical Dredgers • Clam Bucket • Dipper Dredge • Ladder Dredge • Hydraulic Dredgers • Plain Suction • Cutter Head Tyler Mason Pratt

19. Marine Construction Clam Bucket Overview Cofferdams Barges Dredger Clam Bucket Plain Suction Conclusion Definition: A crane or derrick mounted on a floating platform that uses a clamshell or dragline procedure to remove sediment. Tyler Mason Pratt

20. Marine Construction Plain Suction Overview Cofferdams Barges Dredger Clam Bucket Plain Suction Conclusion • Operates like a vacuum cleaner. • Lifts up loose sediment and carries it through a long pipe until discharged. Tyler Mason Pratt

21. Marine Construction How it Works Overview Cofferdams Barges Dredger Clam Bucket Plain Suction Conclusion Tyler Mason Pratt

22. Marine Construction Conclusion Overview Cofferdams Barges Dredger Conclusion Using these different pieces of equipment and following these practices are always required in the development of large structures at sea. Without these methods building a simple pier would be impossible. Innovation and creativity are obviously two of the main features that govern the success of a marine project. Development on a body of water can be a pain but it is necessary to keep trade and transportation flowing. Tyler Mason Pratt