1. Reading Comprehension Cause and Effect • In Lesson 45 you will: • Understand what is ‘cause and effect’. • Answer questions by reading passages demonstrating cause and effect.

2. Reading Comprehension Cause and Effect A cause is what makes something happen, and an effect is what happens as a result of it. An effect happens because of something. (cause)

3. Reading Comprehension A cause is what makes something happen. CAUSEEFFECT John was thirsty. He drank some water. Winds blew 50 mph. Trees blew down. The lake was warm. We went for a swim.

4. Reading Comprehension • Let’s practice! • Write an effect for each cause; • Marce left the ice on the table. It melted all over the table. 2. Tyler had a sore throat. He had soup for dinner.

5. Reading Comprehension Let’s practice! Write an effect for each cause: 3. Liam was late to school. He had to explain to his teacher. 4. There was no rain for days. The ground was very dry.

6. Reading Comprehension Let’s practice! Write a cause for each effect: 1. The lake was overflowing. It rained hard for days. 2. Jamie was very sleepy today. Jamie stayed up all night.

7. Reading Comprehension Let’s practice! Write a cause for each effect: 3. He could not go on the trip. He had a fever. 4. The flights were cancelled. There was a terrible storm.

8. Reading Comprehension Look for Cause and Effect in the story… Kudzu, a vine with lush green leaves and beautiful purple flowers, originated in Japan. It first appeared in the United States at the 1876 Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia and became popular in the 1930’s when soil experts told

9. Reading Comprehension farmers to plant it to halt erosion. They succeeded—too well. Kudzu is now a common weed from East Texas to Florida and as far north as Pennsylvania. It can grow a foot a day and covers roadsides, telephone poles, trees, stop signs, and anything else in its

10. Reading Comprehension way. Kudzu is tough, too; only repeated doses of strong and expensive herbicide can kill it. Researchers at Duke University have studied the plant and have decided its northward spread is limited by low temperatures. They

11. Reading Comprehension concluded, however, that just a 3 degree increase in average temperature could allow kudzu to spread as far as Michigan. Goat ranchers can rejoice. Research at the University of Georgia has shown that four grazing goats can destroy one acre of kudzu in two years.

12. Reading Comprehension Answer the following questions: 1. What was the reason that the kudzu was brought to the United States? Answer: To be seen at the 1876 Centennial Exposition.

13. Reading Comprehension 2. What was the consequence of kudzu being brought to the United States? Answer: It has covered roadsides, trees, poles, and anything in its way.

14. Reading Comprehension 3. What is the cause for kudzu not going northward? Answer: The growth of kudzu is limited by low temperatures.

15. Reading Comprehension 4. What would be the effect if average temperatures were to increase by 3 degrees? Answer: Kudzu would die quickly.

16. Reading Comprehension 5. What effect do goats have on kudzu? Answer: They can destroy one acre of kudzu in two years.

17. Reading Comprehension Cause and Effect How did you do? Sometimes we confuse the effect with the cause. I want you to complete the following assignment in your journal. Think of the sun as the cause. What effects does the sun have?

18. Reading Comprehension Cause and Effect Think of the sun as the cause. What effects does the sun have? You can draw diagrams to show cause and effect!

19. One cause, many effects.

20. Many causes, one effect.

21. Reading is Thinking Practice Read the following passage: Luke 15:11-32, The Message Respond in your journal on the following: What caused the son to be in such a condition? (Make sure you support your opinion by using the text.)

22. 2. What effect did his decision to leave his father’s house have on him? 3. Why did the older brother sulk and get angry? What caused him to get so mad?

23. We will be talking about cause and effect in our next lesson, too. Practice writing by writing in your journal. Just remember to write a new date and title for new entries or topics! Keep up your reading! Use the CROPQV to show reading is thinking! Good-Bye, until next time!